Enzyme complex supplementation in different nutrient levels diets on pigs feces excretion and anaerobic digestion

ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate enzyme supplementation in diets with different nutritional levels for pigs in their feces excretion and anaerobic digestion. Fifty four gilts were placed on diets formulated to achieve 100 or 95 or 90 % of a pig's nutrient requirements, with the addition of an enzyme complex containing amylase, β-glucanase, cellulase, pectinase, xylanase, protease and phytase (diets 100E, 95E and 90E) or without the enzymes (diets 100, 95 and 90). The trial was divided into three periods (1, 1-2 and 1-3) based on the animal weight. The enzyme complex reduced (p < 0.05) excretions per period and per unit of weight gain (residue coefficients) of organic matter (OM) in Period 1, of N, Ca, Zn and Na in Period 1-2, and of Na excretions and residue coefficients in Period 1-3. Animals fed diet 95E had lower excretions (p < 0.05) of dry (DM), organic and mineral matters, N, Ca, Fe, Mn and Cu, and lower residue coefficients (p < 0.05) of DM, OM, P, Fe, Mn and Cu compared with the animals fed diet 95, in Period 1-3. Numerically, the enzyme complex improved biogas and methane production potentials in anaerobic digestion of the feces. The use of an enzyme complex in a diet formulated to provide 95 % of the gilts' nutrient requirements reduced fecal excretion and positively affected the anaerobic digestion of feces. These data show that pig nutrition and feeding are important tools for reducing the potential environmental impact of pig production.

摘要 本研究旨在评估不同营养水平日粮中添加复合酶制剂对猪粪便排泄与厌氧消化过程的影响。试验选用54头后备母猪（gilts），配制满足猪只100%、95%、90%营养需求的日粮，分别添加含淀粉酶（amylase）、β-葡聚糖酶（β-glucanase）、纤维素酶（cellulase）、果胶酶（pectinase）、木聚糖酶（xylanase）、蛋白酶（protease）及植酸酶（phytase）的复合酶制剂（对应日粮组别为100E、95E、90E），或不添加任何酶制剂（对应日粮组别为100、95、90）。试验依据猪只体重划分为三个阶段（阶段1、1-2、1-3）。复合酶制剂可显著降低（p < 0.05）各试验阶段及单位增重对应的排泄物残留系数：阶段1的有机物（Organic Matter, OM）排泄量，阶段1-2的氮（Nitrogen, N）、钙（Calcium, Ca）、锌（Zinc, Zn）及钠（Sodium, Na）排泄量，以及阶段1-3的钠排泄量及其残留系数。与饲喂95日粮组的猪只相比，饲喂95E日粮组的猪只在阶段1-3中，其干物质（Dry Matter, DM）、有机物及矿物质的排泄量，以及氮、钙、铁（Iron, Fe）、锰（Manganese, Mn）及铜（Copper, Cu）的排泄量均显著降低（p < 0.05）；同时该组猪只的干物质、有机物、磷（Phosphorus, P）、铁、锰及铜的残留系数也显著降低（p < 0.05）。数值分析显示，复合酶制剂可提升粪便厌氧消化的沼气与甲烷产气量潜力。在为后备母猪配制的满足其95%营养需求的日粮中添加复合酶制剂，可减少粪便排泄量并对粪便厌氧消化产生积极影响。本研究数据表明，猪只营养与饲喂管理是降低生猪养殖潜在环境影响的重要手段。