Comprehensive Analysis of Biliary Microbiota and Bile Acid Profiles in Biliary Obstruction Patients With Clonorchis sinensis Infection

This study revealed significant differences in diversity, species composition and different genera in bile samples from the biliary obstruction patients with C. sinensis-infected versus non-infected groups. Simultaneously, we found a significant increment in the genus Staphylococcus, Proteobacteria, Bacteroides and Prevotella, and a reduction in Enterococcus and Lactobacilli in C. sinensis-infected group, which is characterized by a general decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pathogenic bacteria. The species and pathways enriched in bile samples could be associated with the pathophysiology of biliary complications following C. sinensis infection. These alterations in biliary microbiota may compromise the integrity of biliary barrier, trigger and exacerbate inflammation. These results could supply novel and vital information for further understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of biliary injury following C. sinensis infection.

本研究发现，感染华支睾吸虫（Clonorchis sinensis，下称C. sinensis）与未感染的胆道梗阻患者的胆汁样本，在菌群多样性、物种组成及菌属构成层面均存在显著差异。同时，感染C. sinensis组的葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）及普雷沃菌属（Prevotella）丰度显著升高，肠球菌属（Enterococcus）与乳杆菌属（Lactobacilli）丰度显著降低，该菌群特征表现为有益菌普遍减少、致病菌丰度上升。胆汁样本中富集的物种及功能通路，可能与C. sinensis感染后胆道并发症的病理生理学机制相关。胆道菌群的上述改变可能破坏胆道屏障完整性，诱发并加重炎症反应。本研究结果可为进一步阐明C. sinensis感染所致胆道损伤的致病机制提供全新且关键的科学依据。