Telephone-Operated Crime Survey for England and Wales, 2020-2021

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p>The <span style="font-style:italic">Crime Survey for England and Wales</span> (CSEW) asks a sole adult in a random sample of households about their, or their household's, experience of crime victimisation in the previous 12 months. These are recorded in the victim form data file (VF). A wide range of questions are then asked, covering demographics and crime-related subjects such as attitudes to the police and the criminal justice system (CJS). These variables are contained within the non-victim form (NVF) data file. In 2009, the survey was extended to children aged 10-15 years old; one resident of that age range was also selected from the household and asked about their experience of crime and other related topics. The first set of children's data covered January-December 2009 and is held separately under SN 6601. From 2009-2010, the children's data cover the same period as the adult data and are included with the main study.</p><p>The <span style="font-style:italic">Telephone-operated Crime Survey for England and Wales </span>(TCSEW) became operational on 20 May 2020. It was a replacement for the face-to-face CSEW, which was suspended on 17 March 2020 because of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. It was set up with the intention of measuring the level of crime during the pandemic. As the pandemic continued throughout the 2020/21 survey year, questions have been raised as to whether the year ending March 2021 TCSEW is comparable with estimates produced in earlier years by the face-to-face CSEW. The ONS <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/methodologies/comparabilitybetweenthetelephoneoperatedcrimesurveyforenglandandwalesandthefacetofacecrimesurveyforenglandandwales">Comparability between the Telephone-operated Crime Survey for England and Wales and the face-to-face Crime Survey for England and Wales</a> report explores those factors that may have a bearing on the comparability of estimates between the TCSEW and the former CSEW. These include survey design, sample design, questionnaire changes and modal changes.</p><p>More general information about the CSEW may be found on the ONS <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/surveys/informationforhouseholdsandindividuals/householdandindividualsurveys/crimesurveyforenglandandwales">Crime Survey for England and Wales</a> web page and for the previous BCS, from the GOV.UK <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/british-crime-survey-methodology">BCS Methodology</a> web page.</p><p><span style="font-style:italic">History - the British Crime Survey</span></p><p>The CSEW was formerly known as the <span style="font-style:italic">British Crime Survey</span> (BCS), and has been in existence since 1981. The 1982 and 1988 BCS waves were also conducted in Scotland (data held separately under SNs 4368 and 4599). Since 1993, separate <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000046">Scottish Crime and Justice Surveys</a> have been conducted. Up to 2001, the BCS was conducted biennially. From April 2001, the Office for National Statistics took over the survey and it became the CSEW. Interviewing was then carried out continually and reported on in financial year cycles. The crime reference period was altered to accommodate this. <br /></p><p>

</p><p><em>Secure Access CSEW data<br /></em>In addition to the main survey, a series of questions covering drinking behaviour, drug use, self-offending, gangs and personal security, and intimate personal violence (IPV) (including stalking and sexual victimisation) are asked of adults via a laptop-based self-completion module (questions may vary over the years). Children aged 10-15 years also complete a separate self-completion questionnaire. The questionnaires are included in the main documentation, but the data are only available under Secure Access conditions (see SN 7280), not with the main study. In addition, from 2011 onwards, lower-level geographic variables are also available under Secure Access conditions (see SN 7311).<br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic">New methodology for capping the number of incidents from 2017-18</span><br />The CSEW datasets available from 2017-18 onwards are based on a new methodology of capping the number of incidents at the 98th percentile. Incidence variables names have remained consistent with previously supplied data but due to the fact they are based on the new 98th percentile cap, and old datasets are not, comparability has been lost with years prior to 2012-2013. More information can be found in the 2017-18 User Guide (see SN 8464) and the article ‘<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/improvingvictimisationestimatesderivedfromthecrimesurveyforenglandandwales/2019-01-24">Improving victimisation estimates derived from the Crime Survey for England and Wales</a>’. </p><br><p><br /></p><br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><br><div>The overall length of the survey needed to be shortened for telephone operation from an average of around 50 minutes down to 25 minutes. As a result, it was felt that the survey should only carry questions required to provide key estimates of crime (victimisation and prevalence rates of crimes recorded by the survey during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the previous 12 months), or those questions which would provide essential information during the pandemic.</div><div><br /></div><div>Some questions considered sufficiently important to measure during the pandemic were omitted from the final questionnaire following ethical consideration. As a result, estimates are not available in relation to sexual assault, partner abuse or abuse during childhood. This includes the preferred measures of domestic abuse and domestic violence.</div>

<p>摘要版权归英国数据服务（UK Data Service）及数据收集版权所有者所有。</p><p><span style="font-style:italic">英格兰和威尔士犯罪调查</span>（Crime Survey for England and Wales，CSEW）会向随机抽样家庭中的一名成年受访者询问其本人或家庭在过去12个月内的犯罪受害经历，这些信息记录在受害者表单数据文件（VF）中。随后会询问一系列广泛的问题，涵盖人口统计学特征及与犯罪相关的主题，如对警方和刑事司法系统（criminal justice system，CJS）的态度等，这些变量包含在非受害者表单（NVF）数据文件中。2009年，该调查扩展至10-15岁儿童群体：从家庭中选取一名该年龄段的居民，询问其犯罪经历及其他相关话题。第一组儿童数据涵盖2009年1月至12月，单独存放在SN 6601编号下。2009-2010年起，儿童数据与成人数据的调查周期一致，并被纳入主研究中。</p><p><span style="font-style:italic">英格兰和威尔士电话犯罪调查</span>（Telephone-operated Crime Survey for England and Wales，TCSEW）于2020年5月20日开始实施，取代了因2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情于2020年3月17日暂停的面对面CSEW。其设立目的是衡量疫情期间的犯罪水平。由于疫情在2020/21调查年度持续存在，人们开始质疑截至2021年3月的TCSEW数据是否与往年面对面CSEW得出的估计值具有可比性。英国国家统计局（ONS）发布的《英格兰和威尔士电话犯罪调查与面对面犯罪调查的可比性》（Comparability between the Telephone-operated Crime Survey for England and Wales and the face-to-face Crime Survey for England and Wales）报告探讨了可能影响TCSEW与原CSEW估计值可比性的因素，包括调查设计、样本设计、问卷变更及模式变更等。</p><p>关于CSEW的更多信息可在ONS的<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/surveys/informationforhouseholdsandindividuals/householdandindividualsurveys/crimesurveyforenglandandwales">英格兰和威尔士犯罪调查</a>网页查询；关于此前的英国犯罪调查（British Crime Survey，BCS），可访问GOV.UK的<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/british-crime-survey-methodology">BCS方法论</a>网页。</p><p><span style="font-style:italic">历史——英国犯罪调查</span></p><p>CSEW前身为<span style="font-style:italic">英国犯罪调查</span>（British Crime Survey，BCS），自1981年起开始实施。1982年和1988年的BCS调查也在苏格兰开展（数据单独存放在SN 4368和4599编号下）。1993年起，苏格兰单独开展<a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000046">苏格兰犯罪与司法调查</a>。截至2001年，BCS每两年进行一次。2001年4月起，英国国家统计局接管该调查并更名为CSEW，此后调查持续进行，并按财政年度周期报告，犯罪参考期也相应调整。<br /></p><p><em>安全访问CSEW数据<br /></em>除主调查外，还通过基于笔记本电脑的自填模块向成人询问一系列问题，涵盖饮酒行为、药物使用、自我犯罪、帮派与个人安全及亲密个人暴力（intimate personal violence，IPV）（包括跟踪和性受害）等（问题每年可能有所不同）。10-15岁儿童也需完成单独的自填问卷。问卷包含在主文档中，但数据仅在安全访问（Secure Access）条件下可用（见SN 7280），不随主研究提供。此外，2011年起，低级别地理变量也可在安全访问条件下获取（见SN 7311）。<br /><br /><span style="font-style:italic">2017-18年度事件数量上限新方法</span><br />2017-18年度及以后的CSEW数据集采用了新方法，即将事件数量上限设定在第98百分位。事件变量名称与之前提供的数据保持一致，但由于新数据集基于第98百分位上限，而旧数据集并非如此，因此与2012-2013年前的年份数据失去可比性。更多信息可查阅2017-18年度用户指南（见SN 8464）及文章《改进源自英格兰和威尔士犯罪调查的受害估计值》（Improving victimisation estimates derived from the Crime Survey for England and Wales）。</p><br><p><br /></p><br><B>主要主题</B>:<BR><br><div>为适应电话调查，问卷总时长需从平均约50分钟缩短至25分钟。因此，调查仅保留提供犯罪关键估计值所需的问题（如疫情期间及过去12个月内调查记录的犯罪受害率和流行率），或疫情期间提供关键信息的问题。</div><div><br /></div><div>部分原本认为在疫情期间需测量的重要问题，经伦理考量后从最终问卷中删除。因此，关于性侵犯、伴侣虐待或童年期虐待（包括家庭暴力和虐待的首选测量指标）的估计值无法获取。</div>