Characterization and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from parts of Endemic Species Terminalia pallida Brandis

The present data submitted here is related to my research work. In this paper, I've mentioned the work related to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, their characterization, and their three applications. UV- VIS:- (UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, Jasco Make, Japan Model: V-670) - at VIT, Vellore; FTIR Modal: IR Affinity-1, (Shimadzu, Mode of Analysis: ATR Mode, Japan) at VIT, Vellore; XRD:- Bruker D-8 advance, Germany at VIT, Vellore; AFM:- (Bruker USA), ICON (Dimension) Scan Asyst at IISc Bangalore; HRSEM:- Hitachi S-3400 N SEM at IISc Bangalore; FeSEM:- (SUPRA 55) Carl Zeiss, Germany at Sathyabama University, Chennai; HRTEM:- FEI-TECNAI G2-20 TWIN (200kV) at VIT, Vellore. Applications I. Against Gram-Negative strains (-Ve): Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus; Gram-Positive Strains (+Ve): Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis. Description About this Research work Terminalia pallida is a semi-evergreen endemic tree. The leaf, bark, and fruits are known for their medicinal and therapeutic values. These parts have extraordinary medicinal characteristics in curing various diseases and most of the tribal people are still using the extracts of these plant parts in their daily life and curing various ailments. A lot of work had been carried out on the biosynthesis of metal and mineral nanoparticles using numerous plants. Green synthesis of nanoparticles using traditional endemic medicinal plants is scanty. So far no work has been carried out on the production of silver nanoparticles by using leaf, bark, and fruits of T. pallida. In this connection, the research work aimed to synthesize nanoparticles from plant parts individually. These biosynthesized silver nanoparticles are exhibiting antimicrobial activity which showed the efficacy of check microbial growth, along with anti-scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities. Depending on the size of SNPs they were used for different applications such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity and the results showed that the SNPs have efficacy in controlling different diseases and disorders successfully when compared to the other raw forms at the nano-level, thus proving their efficiency in controlling microbes and other activities. The plant parts of Terminaliapallida can be further explored for their various uses concerning SNPs and their applications in neutraceuticals and pharmaceutical industries in the future.

本次提交的数据集与本人的研究工作密切相关。本研究涉及银纳米颗粒的合成、表征及三项应用方向，相关表征仪器信息如下：
1. 紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计（UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer）：日本Jasco公司，型号V-670，测试地点为维洛尔理工大学（VIT, Vellore）；
2. 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）：岛津IR Affinity-1，采用衰减全反射（ATR）模式分析，测试地点为维洛尔理工大学（VIT, Vellore）；
3. X射线衍射仪（XRD）：德国布鲁克D-8 Advance型，测试地点为维洛尔理工大学（VIT, Vellore）；
4. 原子力显微镜（AFM）：美国布鲁克ICON（Dimension）Scan Asyst，测试地点为班加罗尔印度科学学院（IISc Bangalore）；
5. 高分辨扫描电子显微镜（HRSEM）：日立S-3400 N型扫描电子显微镜，测试地点为班加罗尔印度科学学院（IISc Bangalore）；
6. 场发射扫描电子显微镜（FeSEM）：德国卡尔蔡司SUPRA 55型，测试地点为金奈萨提亚芭玛大学（Sathyabama University, Chennai）；
7. 高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）：FEI-TECNAI G2-20 TWIN型（200kV），测试地点为维洛尔理工大学（VIT, Vellore）。

应用方向：
一、 抗微生物活性：针对革兰氏阴性菌株（-Ve）：大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）与金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）；革兰氏阳性菌株（+Ve）：肺炎克雷伯菌（Klebsiella pneumoniae）与枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）。

本研究的研究对象为榄仁树（Terminalia pallida），这是一种半常绿特有树种，其叶片、树皮与果实均具备药用与治疗价值。该植物的各组织部位拥有治疗多种疾病的卓越药用特性，至今仍有大量原住民在日常生活中使用其提取物来医治各类病症。目前学界已针对多种植物介导的金属与矿物纳米颗粒生物合成开展了大量研究，但利用传统特有药用植物进行纳米颗粒绿色合成的相关报道仍较为匮乏。截至目前，尚未有研究采用榄仁树（T. pallida）的叶片、树皮及果实来制备银纳米颗粒（silver nanoparticles，简称SNPs）。
有鉴于此，本研究旨在分别利用该植物的不同组织部位合成纳米颗粒。本研究制备的生物合成银纳米颗粒（SNPs）展现出抗菌活性，可有效抑制微生物生长，同时兼具抗氧化清除自由基与抗炎活性。根据银纳米颗粒（SNPs）的粒径差异，其可被应用于抗氧化、抗炎及抗菌等不同场景；实验结果表明，相较于纳米级原料之外的其他形式，银纳米颗粒能够更高效地调控多种疾病与生理紊乱，证实了其在抑菌及其他活性方面的应用效能。未来可进一步挖掘榄仁树各组织部位在银纳米颗粒相关领域的多元应用价值，推动其在营养保健食品与制药工业中的产业化应用。