The European Government-Opposition Voters (EGOV) Data Set

Our codes provide a tool for researchers using any part of
the integrated datasets of the European Social Survey (European Social Survey
Cumulative File, ESS 1-9, 2020) project to easily differentiate between
respondents based on their political affiliation, dividing them into
pro-government and pro-opposition groups. Individuals are coded as “government
supporters”, “opposition supporters” and “non-identifiers” according to their
survey response, while we excluded refusals. The database includes data for 422
985 respondents from eight data rounds between 2002 and 2020 from 33 European
countries, organized all in all in 215 country-years.

There are two data files attached.

1. The “European
Government-Opposition Voters (EGOV) Data Set” is a comma-separated values table
(.csv format file) that includes three variables.

a. The variable
“votedforwinner” differentiates between government voters (1), opposition
voters (0) and non-voters (missing values); thus it defines the
government-opposition status of European voters based on their last vote on the
previous election.

b. The variable
“closetowinner” differentiates between government partisans (1), opposition
partisans (0) and non-partisans (missing values); thus it defines the
government-opposition status of European party identifiers based on their
partisan attachment.

c. The variable
“cseqno” is a unique identification number for European Social Survey (ESS)
respondents included in the integrated data sets of the ESS project.

2. The “EGOV – do file” is a do file that can be used
to reproduce the content of the above table. These codes are annotated, that
is, unusual changes in government composition and overlaps of elections and
fieldwork periods are indicated.

The European Government-Opposition Voters Data Set has been
produced by using the following pieces of information coming from the (European
Social Survey Cumulative File, ESS 1-9, 2020), Comparative Political Data Sets
(Armingeon, Isler, Knöpfel, Weisstanner, et al., 2016) and ParlGov (Döring and
Manow, 2019) data sets.

- partisan
preferences, that is, respondents’ vote on the last general election (164
variables, ESS) and respondents’ partisan identity (167 variables, ESS)

- date of
the interview (year, month, day, ESS)

- date of
national elections and investitures in each country-case (CPDS and ParlGov)

- cabinet
composition (CPDS and ParlGov)

- official
sites on information on national elections for clarification, if necessary

本代码为研究人员提供了一款便捷工具，可基于欧洲社会调查（European Social Survey, ESS）项目的整合数据集——《欧洲社会调查累积文件（European Social Survey Cumulative File, ESS 1-9, 2020）》的任意部分，根据受访者的政治倾向完成分组，将其划分为亲政府阵营与亲反对党阵营。研究人员可依据问卷回复将个体编码为“政府支持者”“反对党支持者”与“无党派认同者”，同时剔除了拒绝作答的样本。该数据库涵盖2002年至2020年间8轮调查、33个欧洲国家共计422985名受访者的数据，最终整合为215个“国家-年份”观测单元。

本次共附带两份数据文件：
1. 《欧洲政府-反对党选民数据集（European Government-Opposition Voters Data Set, EGOV）》为逗号分隔值（Comma-Separated Values, CSV）格式表格文件，包含三个变量：
a. 变量`votedforwinner`：用于区分政府选民（赋值为1）、反对党选民（赋值为0）与未投票者（缺失值），该变量基于受访者在上一次大选的投票记录，定义了欧洲选民的政府-反对党立场。
b. 变量`closetowinner`：用于区分政府党派支持者（赋值为1）、反对党党派支持者（赋值为0）与无党派认同者（缺失值），该变量基于受访者的党派依附倾向，定义了欧洲政党支持者的政府-反对党立场。
c. 变量`cseqno`：为纳入ESS项目整合数据集的欧洲社会调查受访者的唯一识别编号。
2. 《EGOV do文件》为可复现上述表格内容的do文件，代码已添加详细注释，其中标注了政府组成的异常变动以及选举与实地调查周期的重叠情况。

本欧洲政府-反对党选民数据集的构建，依托了以下来源的信息：欧洲社会调查累积文件（ESS 1-9, 2020）、比较政治数据集（Comparative Political Data Sets, CPDS；Armingeon、Isler、Knöpfel、Weisstanner等，2016）以及ParlGov数据库（Döring与Manow, 2019）：
- 党派偏好：即受访者在上一次大选的投票情况（共164个变量，来自ESS）与受访者的党派身份认同（共167个变量，来自ESS）
- 访谈日期（年、月、日，数据来自ESS）
- 各国家样本的全国选举与内阁就职仪式日期（数据来自CPDS与ParlGov）
- 内阁组成情况（数据来自CPDS与ParlGov）
- 必要时，可参考各国官方选举信息网站进行信息澄清