Distribution of the late Quaternary paleo-permafrost.

Distribution of paleo-permafrost for the three eras in the late Quaternary (for the pre-industrial [0ka], the Holocene Optimum [6ka], and the Last Glacial Maximum [21ka]) was reproduced from the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison phase II (PMIP2) meteorological data, by use of statistical and physical models. The statistical model was constructed by the present-day freezing and thawing indexes, and the corresponding frozen ground type (Saito et al. 2009). The physical models are a) the Geophysical Institute Permafrost Lab (GIPL) permafrost dynamics model, and b) the MATSIRO land surface scheme in a Japanese GCM (MIROC) refined for the permafrost dynamics (Saito 2008).

The work was partially supported by NSF Grant number ARC-0327664, 0652838. The MIROC GCM was developed by AORI (Univ. Tokyo), NIES and RIGC (JAMSTEC), Japan. Simulations were partly done at the Arctic Research Supercomputing Center (ARSC).

晚第四纪三个时期的古多年冻土（paleo-permafrost）分布数据集，涵盖工业革命前[0千年]、全新世大暖期[6千年]与末次冰盛期[21千年]，其数据源自古气候模式比较计划第二阶段（Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Phase II, PMIP2）的气象资料，通过统计模型与物理模型生成。该统计模型基于现代冻融指数与对应冻土类型构建（Saito等，2009）。物理模型包含两类：其一为地球物理研究所冻土实验室（Geophysical Institute Permafrost Lab, GIPL）冻土动力学模型；其二为日本大气环流模式（MIROC）中针对冻土动力学优化的MATSIRO陆面过程方案（Saito，2008）。

本研究部分受美国国家科学基金会（National Science Foundation, NSF）资助，资助编号为ARC-0327664与0652838。MIROC大气环流模式由日本东京大学大气海洋研究所（Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, AORI）、国立环境研究所（National Institute for Environmental Studies, NIES）以及日本海洋研究开发机构（Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, JAMSTEC）下属的极地研究中心（Research Institute for Global Change, RIGC）联合开发。部分模拟工作在北极研究超级计算中心（Arctic Research Supercomputing Center, ARSC）完成。