S1 Data set -

Background
Diabetes is a severe challenge to global public health since it is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and rising healthcare costs. 3.0 million Ethiopians, or 4.7% of the population, had diabetes in 2021. Studies on the chronic complications of diabetes in Ethiopia have not been conducted in lower-level healthcare facilities, so the findings from tertiary hospitals do not accurately reflect the issues with chronic diabetes in general hospitals. In addition, there is a lack of information and little research on the complications of chronic diabetes in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess the degree of chronic diabetes complications and associated factors among diabetic patients presenting to general hospitals in the Tigray area in northern Ethiopia.
Methods
As part of a multi-centre cross-sectional study, 1,158 type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients from 10 general hospitals in the Tigray region were randomly chosen. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a record review, and an SPSS version 20 analysis were used to collect the data. All continuous data were presented as mean standard deviation (SD), while categorical data were identified by frequencies. Using a multivariable logistic regression model, the factors associated with chronic diabetes complications among T2D diabetic patients were found, and linked factors were declared at p 0.05.
Results
Fifty-four of people with diabetes have chronic problems. Hypertension (27%) eye illness, renal disease (19.1%), and hypertension (27%) eye disease were the most common long-term effects of diabetes. Patients with chronic diabetes complications were more likely to be older than 60, taking insulin and an OHGA (Oral Hyperglycemic Agent) (AOR = 3.00; 95% CI 1.73, 5.26), having diabetes for more than five years, taking more than four tablets per day (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI 1.23,2.15), and having high systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Patients with government employment (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI 0.26, 0.90), antiplatelet drug use (AOR = 0.29; 95% CI 0.16, 0.52), and medication for treating dyslipidemia (AOR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.35, 0.84), all had a decreased chance of developing a chronic diabetes problem.
Conclusion
At least one chronic diabetic complication was present in more than half of the patients in this study. Chronic diabetes problems were related to patients’ characteristics like age, occupation, diabetes treatment plan, anti-platelet, anti-dyslipidemia medicine, duration of diabetes, high Systolic BP, high Diastolic BP, and pill burden. To avoid complications from occurring, diabetes care professionals and stakeholders must collaborate to establish appropriate methods, especially for individuals who are more likely to experience diabetic complications.

背景
糖尿病是全球公共卫生面临的严峻挑战，因其为发病率、死亡率攀升及医疗成本上涨的首要诱因。2021年，埃塞俄比亚共有300万糖尿病患者，占全国总人口的4.7%。目前该国针对糖尿病慢性并发症的研究尚未在基层医疗机构开展，三级医院的研究结果无法准确反映综合医院中糖尿病慢性并发症的实际诊疗情况；此外，该国关于慢性糖尿病并发症的相关数据与研究均较为匮乏。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚北部提格雷地区综合医院就诊的糖尿病患者的慢性并发症发生情况及其相关影响因素。

方法
本研究为多中心横断面研究，从提格雷地区10家综合医院纳入1158例2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes, T2D）患者并进行随机抽样。研究采用访谈式问卷、病历回顾法收集数据，并使用SPSS 20.0版本进行统计分析。连续型数据以均数±标准差（standard deviation, SD）表示，分类数据以频数表示。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症的相关影响因素，以P<0.05作为差异具有统计学意义的判定标准。

结果
本研究中54%的糖尿病患者存在慢性并发症。其中最常见的糖尿病慢性并发症依次为高血压（27%）、眼部病变、肾脏疾病（19.1%）。分析显示，年龄≥60岁、联合使用胰岛素与口服降糖药（Oral Hyperglycemic Agent, OHGA）（校正后比值比（Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR）=3.00；95%置信区间（CI）：1.73~5.26）、糖尿病病程超过5年、每日服药剂量≥4片（AOR=1.63；95%CI：1.23~2.15）以及收缩压、舒张压偏高的患者，发生慢性糖尿病并发症的风险更高。而公职就业人群（AOR=0.48；95%CI：0.26~0.90）、使用抗血小板药物（AOR=0.29；95%CI：0.16~0.52）及接受调脂药物治疗的患者，发生慢性糖尿病并发症的风险显著降低。

结论
本研究中超过半数的糖尿病患者存在至少1种慢性并发症。糖尿病慢性并发症的发生与患者的年龄、职业、降糖治疗方案、抗血小板药物使用情况、调脂药物使用情况、糖尿病病程、收缩压/舒张压水平以及每日服药剂量密切相关。为避免糖尿病并发症的发生，糖尿病诊疗相关从业者与利益相关方应通力合作，制定针对性的防控策略，尤其需重点关注糖尿病并发症高风险人群。