Geospatial Datasets for Assessing Vulnerability of Bangladesh to Climate Change and Extremes

The present dataset provides necessary indicators of the climate change vulnerability of Bangladesh in raster form. Geospatial databases have been created in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment mainly from two types of raw data; socioeconomic data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and biophysical maps from various government and non-government agencies. Socioeconomic data have been transformed into a raster database through the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method in GIS. On the other hand, biophysical maps have been directly recreated as GIS feature classes and eventually, the biophysical raster database has been produced.
30 socioeconomic indicators have been considered, which has been obtained from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. All socioeconomic data were incorporated into the GIS database to generate maps. However, the units of some variables have been adopted directly from BBS, some have been normalized based on population, and some have been adopted as percentages. 12 biophysical system indicators have also been classified based on the collected information from different sources and literature. Biophysical maps are mainly classified in relative scales according to the intensity.
These geospatial datasets have been analyzed to assess the spatial vulnerability of Bangladesh to climate change and extremes. The analysis has resulted in a climate change vulnerability map of Bangladesh with recognized hotspots, significant vulnerability factors, and adaptation measures to reduce the level of vulnerability.

本数据集以栅格（raster）格式提供了孟加拉国气候变化脆弱性评估所需的核心指标。研究在地理信息系统（Geographic Information System, GIS）环境下构建地理空间数据库，原始数据主要分为两类：来自孟加拉国统计局（Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, BBS）的社会经济数据，以及来自各类政府与非政府机构的生物物理地图。研究通过GIS中的反距离加权（Inverse Distance Weighted, IDW）插值法，将社会经济数据转换为栅格数据库；而生物物理地图则直接被重构为GIS要素类，最终生成生物物理栅格数据库。
本次研究共纳入30项社会经济指标，所有指标均取自孟加拉国统计局。所有社会经济数据均被导入GIS数据库以生成相关地图。其中部分变量的单位直接沿用孟加拉国统计局的原始设定，部分基于人口进行归一化处理，其余则以百分比形式呈现。同时基于多源采集的信息与文献资料，对12项生物物理系统指标完成分类。生物物理地图主要依据强度等级以相对尺度进行划分。
本研究对上述地理空间数据集开展分析，以评估孟加拉国在气候变化与极端气候事件下的空间脆弱性。分析结果最终生成孟加拉国气候变化脆弱性地图，其中明确标注了脆弱性热点区域、关键脆弱性影响因子，以及可用于降低脆弱性水平的适应措施。