Interaction of Metarhizium anisopliae Against Emergent Insect Pest Problems in the North-Eastern Tea Industry

Tea, which is a popular non-alcoholic protective beverage, offers numer
ous health benefits such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancerous, and
weight-loss effects. However, the moist and rain-fed conditions prevailing in the tea ecosystem favor rapid surveillance of devastating pests and pathogens, thus requir
ing constant application of plant protection formulations, including the agrochemi
cals, pesticides, and fertilizers to maintain bush health and quality tea production.
The injudicious and rapid usage of chemical compounds has negative consequences,
as the former deteriorates the native soil and environment, causing disruption of the
active microbial gene pool in the rhizosphere and possessing an increased risk of
pesticide resistance, and maximum residue limits. In intriguing of the above,
exploiting the potential of alternative, non-chemical, and sustainable pest manage
ment tactics like entomopathogen fungi under integrated pest management has
recently gained momentum as it is convinced that biocontrol agents, including
the microbial biopesticides, are free of toxic chemicals and other harmful ingredi
ents. The current article explores the interaction of Metarhizium anisopliae as a
prominent entomopathogenic fungi for the sustainable management of emergent
insect pest populations in North-Eastern tea industry. Additionally, recent trends in
research on entomopathogen-mediated pest management in tea has been highlighted
to provide a more dedicated web interface using bibliometrics and biblioshiny.

茶叶作为广受欢迎的非酒精性保健饮品，具备诸多健康益处，包括抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌以及减重功效。然而，茶园生态系统普遍存在的湿润多雨环境，为毁灭性害虫与病原菌的快速滋生提供了适宜条件，因此需要持续施用植物保护制剂——包括农用化学品、杀虫剂与肥料——以维持茶树健康与优质茶叶生产。化学药剂的滥用与高频使用会产生诸多负面影响：不仅会破坏原生土壤与生态环境，扰乱根际区域的活性微生物基因库，还会提升害虫抗药性风险与农药最大残留限值（maximum residue limits）超标概率。鉴于上述问题，探索非化学、可持续的替代害虫治理策略（如昆虫病原真菌（entomopathogen fungi）），并将其纳入有害生物综合治理（Integrated Pest Management）框架之中，近年来逐渐受到学界关注——这是因为包括微生物源生物农药在内的生防制剂，不含有毒化学物质与其他有害成分，已得到广泛认可。本文以金龟子绿僵菌（Metarhizium anisopliae）这一典型昆虫病原真菌为研究对象，探讨其在东北地区茶产业新兴害虫种群可持续治理中的应用潜力。此外，本文还借助文献计量学（bibliometrics）与Biblioshiny工具，梳理了茶叶产区昆虫病原真菌介导的害虫治理研究的最新进展，并搭建专属网页界面进行展示。