ABS - Personal Income - Total Income Distribution (GCCSA) 2013-2014

This dataset presents information about total income distribution. The data covers the financial year of 2013-2014, and is based on Greater Capital City Statistical Areas (GCCSA) according to the 2016 edition of the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).\n\nTotal Income is the sum of all reported income derived from Employee income, Own unincorporated business, Superannuation, Investments and Other income. Total income does not include the non-lodger population.\n\nGovernment pensions, benefits or allowances are excluded from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) income data and do not appear in Other income or Total income. Pension recipients can fall below the income threshold that necessitates them lodging a tax return, or they may only receive tax free pensions or allowances. Hence they will be missing from the personal income tax data set. Recent estimates from the ABS Survey of Income and Housing (which records Government pensions and allowances) suggest that this component can account for between 9% to 11% of Total income.\n\nAll monetary values are presented as gross pre-tax dollars, as far as possible. This means they reflect income before deductions and loses, and before any taxation or levies (e.g. the Medicare levy or the temporary budget repair levy) are applied. The amounts shown are nominal, they have not been adjusted for inflation. The income presented in this release has been categorised into income types, these categories have been devised by the ABS to closely align to ABS definitions of income.\n\nThe statistics in this release are compiled from the Linked Employer Employee Dataset (LEED), a cross-sectional database based on administrative data from the Australian taxation system. The LEED includes more than 120 million tax records over seven consecutive years between 2011-12 and 2017-18.\n\nPlease note:\n\n * All personal income tax statistics included in LEED were provided in de-identified form with no home address or date of birth. Addresses were coded to the ASGS and date of birth was converted to an age at 30 June of the reference year prior to data provision.\n\n * To minimise the risk of identifying individuals in aggregate statistics, perturbation has been applied to the statistics in this release. Perturbation involves small random adjustment of the statistics and is considered the most satisfactory technique for avoiding the release of identifiable statistics, while maximising the range of information that can be released. These adjustments have a negligible impact on the underlying pattern of the statistics. Some cells have also been suppressed due to low counts.\n\n * Totals may not align with the sum of their components due to missing or unpublished information in the underlying data and perturbation.\n\nFor further information please visit the [Australian Bureau of Statistics](https://www.abs.gov.au/methodologies/personal-income-australia-methodology/2011-12-2017-18).\n\n AURIN has made the following changes to the original data:\n\n * Spatially enabled the [original data](https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/labour/earnings-and-work-hours/personal-income-australia/latest-release#data-download).\n\n * Set 'np' (not published to protect the confidentiality of individuals or businesses) values to Null.\n

本数据集呈现了总收入分布相关信息。数据覆盖2013-2014财年，基于澳大利亚统计地理标准（Australian Statistical Geography Standard, ASGS）2016版所定义的大首都城市统计区（Greater Capital City Statistical Areas, GCCSA）。

总收入指雇员收入、个体经营收入、退休金、投资收益及其他收入等所有申报收入的总和，不包含未申报人群。

政府养老金、福利金或津贴被排除在澳大利亚统计局（Australian Bureau of Statistics, ABS）收入数据之外，未纳入其他收入或总收入。养老金领取者可能低于需提交纳税申报的收入阈值，或仅领取免税养老金/津贴，因此未被纳入个人所得税数据集。ABS收入与住房调查（记录政府养老金及津贴）的近期估算显示，该部分占总收入的9%-11%。

所有货币价值尽可能以税前总收入呈现，即反映扣除项和损失前、任何税费（如医疗保险税或临时预算修复税）征收前的收入。所示金额为名义值，未按通胀调整。本发布中的收入已按ABS制定的类型分类，与ABS收入定义高度一致。

本发布的统计数据来自链接雇主雇员数据集（Linked Employer Employee Dataset, LEED）——一个基于澳大利亚税收系统行政数据的横截面数据库。LEED包含2011-12至2017-18连续七年间超过1.2亿条税务记录。

请注意：

* LEED中的所有个人所得税统计数据均以去标识化形式提供，不含家庭住址或出生日期。住址已编码为ASGS标准，出生日期在数据提供前转换为参考年度6月30日的年龄。

* 为降低汇总统计中识别个体的风险，本发布数据应用了扰动处理。扰动指对统计数据进行小幅随机调整，是避免发布可识别信息同时最大化信息发布范围的最理想技术，对数据底层模式影响可忽略不计。部分低计数单元格已被抑制。

* 由于底层数据缺失/未发布信息及扰动处理，总计可能与各组成部分之和不一致。

更多信息请访问[澳大利亚统计局](https://www.abs.gov.au/methodologies/personal-income-australia-methodology/2011-12-2017-18)。

AURIN对原始数据做了如下修改：

* 为[原始数据](https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/labour/earnings-and-work-hours/personal-income-australia/latest-release#data-download)添加空间属性。

* 将“np”（未发布以保护个人或企业机密）值设为Null。