Motor skills assessments: support for a general motor factor for the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2

Abstract Objective To evaluate the construct validity and model-based reliability of general and specific contributions of the subscales of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) and Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2) when evaluating motor skills across a range of psychiatric disorders. Methods Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and bifactor analysis were conducted on BOT-2 data from 187 elementary school students (grades 1 to 6) (mean age: 113 ± 20 months; boys: n = 117, 62.56%) and on MABC-2 data from 127 elementary school students (grade 1) (mean age: 76 ± 2 months; boys: n = 58, 45.67%). Results The results of the CFA fit the data for multidimensionality for the BOT-2 and presented poor fit indices for the MABC-2. For both tests, the bifactor model showed that the reliability of the subscales was poor. Conclusions The BOT-2 exhibited factorial validity with a multidimensional structure among the current samples, but the MABC-2 showed poor fit indices, insufficient to confirm its multidimensional structure. For both tests, most of the reliable variance came from a general motor factor (M-factor), therefore the scoring and reporting of subscale scores were not justified for both tests.

摘要 研究目的：评估儿童运动评估量表第二版（Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, MABC-2）与布鲁因克茨-奥塞特斯基运动能力测验第二版（Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2, BOT-2）的各分量表在针对多种精神障碍群体的运动技能进行评估时，其一般性与特异性贡献的结构效度与基于模型的信度。
方法：本研究对187名1至6年级小学生（平均年龄113±20个月；男性117名，占比62.56%）的BOT-2数据，以及127名一年级小学生（平均年龄76±2个月；男性58名，占比45.67%）的MABC-2数据，分别实施验证性因子分析（Confirmatory Factor Analysis, CFA）与双因子分析。
结果：验证性因子分析结果显示，BOT-2的多维结构与数据拟合度良好，而MABC-2的拟合指数表现较差。针对两类测验的双因子分析结果均表明，其各分量表的信度不佳。
结论：在本研究样本中，BOT-2的多维结构具备因子效度，而MABC-2的拟合指数不佳，无法证实其多维结构。两类测验的可靠方差大多来源于一般性运动因子（M因子, M-factor），因此两类测验的分量表得分的计分与报告均缺乏合理性依据。