L-shaped relationship between dietary magnesium intake and hearing loss in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

The association between dietary magnesium intake and hearing loss (HL) at various frequencies remains unclear; therefore, we aimed to explore this association. A cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Survey database from 2011–2012 and 2015–2016. This study included 7,675 adults aged 20–69 years. The mean age was 44.0 ± 14.3 years, and 50.4% of participants were female. Compared to the lowest magnesium intake group (27.0–190.5 mg/day, OR = 1.00), the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for low-frequency HL (LFHL) were significantly lower in the middle and higher magnesium intake groups: 191.0–247.5 mg/day (OR: 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59–0.98; p = 0.037) and 248.0–306.5 mg/day (OR: 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55–0.96; p = 0.027). For speech-frequency HL (SFHL), the adjusted ORs were significantly lower in the middle and higher magnesium intake groups: 191.0–247.5 mg/day (OR: 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54–0.86; p = 0.001) and 248.0–306.5 mg/day (OR: 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53–0.88; p = 0.003). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed an "L-shaped" relationship between magnesium intake and LFHL and SFHL. An “L-shaped” association between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of LFHL and SFHL was identified, with an inflection point at 275.5 mg/day.

膳食镁摄入与不同频率听力损失（hearing loss, HL）之间的关联尚不明确；因此，本研究旨在探究这一关联。本研究为横断面研究，数据来源于2011–2012年及2015–2016年美国国家健康与营养调查数据库。研究纳入7675名20–69岁成人，平均年龄为44.0±14.3岁，其中50.4%为女性。与镁摄入最低组（27.0–190.5 mg/天，OR=1.00）相比，中、高镁摄入组（191.0–247.5 mg/天及248.0–306.5 mg/天）的低频听力损失（low-frequency HL, LFHL）调整后比值比（odds ratio, OR）显著降低，分别为0.76（95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）：0.59–0.98，p=0.037）和0.73（95%CI：0.55–0.96，p=0.027）。对于言语频率听力损失（speech-frequency HL, SFHL），中、高镁摄入组的调整后OR同样显著降低，191.0–247.5 mg/天组OR为0.68（95%CI：0.54–0.86，p=0.001），248.0–306.5 mg/天组OR为0.69（95%CI：0.53–0.88，p=0.003）。限制性立方样条分析（restricted cubic spline analysis）显示，镁摄入与LFHL及SFHL之间呈“L型”关系。本研究发现膳食镁摄入与LFHL及SFHL风险之间存在“L型”关联，拐点为275.5 mg/天。