Perception of professional competence of Brazilian college coaches

The aim of this study was to analyze the perceived level of professional competence of Brazilian college coaches, considering the type of sports discipline and professional development cycles. The target population consisted of 92 sport coaches of both genders from various regions of Brazil, who worked in team or individual sports. An adapted version of the Self-Perception of Competence Scale was used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, adopting a level of significance of 5%. The coaches perceived themselves as competent in knowledge on the theory and methodology of sports training and sports biodynamics, as well as in the skills of sports planning and management. On the other hand, the coaches perceived fragility of knowledge on sports management and legislation. With respect to professional development cycles, more experienced coaches perceived themselves as more competent than those with a shorter coaching experience. When coaches of individual and team sports were compared, a significant difference (p = 0.04) was only observed for knowledge on sports management and legislation, with coaches of team sports perceiving themselves as more competent. Further studies are needed to improve the basic and continuing education of Brazilian sport coaches, as well as to obtain a better understanding of the relationship between career development and the acquisition of professional skills.

本研究旨在探析巴西高校体育教练员的职业能力感知水平，同时考量运动项目类型与职业发展周期的影响。研究的目标对象为来自巴西各地区的92名男女体育教练员，他们分别从事团体项目或个人项目的执教工作。本研究采用改编版自我感知能力量表（Self-Perception of Competence Scale）开展数据采集，统计分析环节采用卡方检验与费希尔精确检验，设定显著性水平为5%。分析结果显示，教练员群体对自身在运动训练理论与方法、运动生物动力学相关知识，以及运动规划与管理技能方面的胜任能力认可度较高；与之相对，教练员们坦言自身在运动管理与法规相关知识领域存在明显短板。针对职业发展周期的分析表明，执教经验更丰富的教练员，其自我感知的职业胜任能力显著高于执教时长较短的教练员。对比个人项目与团体项目教练员的感知水平后发现，仅在运动管理与法规相关知识维度存在显著差异（p=0.04），团体项目教练员的自我感知胜任能力更强。未来仍需开展更多相关研究，以完善巴西体育教练员的基础与继续教育体系，并进一步明晰职业发展与职业技能习得之间的内在关联。