Data from: Characterization of stress coping style in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles and breeders for aquaculture

The aim of the present work was to characterise stress coping styles of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles and breeders and to select an operational behavioural screening test (OBST) that can be used by the aquaculture industry to classify and select between behavioural phenotypes in order to improve production indicators. A total of 61 juveniles and 59 breeders were subjected to five individual behavioural tests and two grouping tests. At the end of the individual tests, all animals were blood sampled in order to measure cortisol, glucose and lactate. Three tests (restraining, new environment and confinement) characterized the stress coping style behaviour of Senegalese sole juveniles and breeders and demonstrated inter-individual consistency. Further the tests when incorporated into a PCA analysis (a) identified two principal axis of personality traits: “fearfulness-reactivity” and “activity-exploration”, (b) were representative of the physiological axis of stress coping style and (c) were validated by established group tests. The present study proposed for the first time three individual coping styles tests that reliably represented proactive and reactive personalities of Senegalese sole juveniles and breeders. In addition, the three proposed tests met some basic operational criteria (rapid testing, no special equipment and easy to apply and interpret) that could result attractive for fish farmers to identify fish with a specific behaviour that give advantages in the culture system and that could be used to establish selection-based breeding programs to improve domestication and production.

本研究旨在表征塞内加尔鳎（Solea senegalensis）幼鱼与繁殖亲鱼的应激应对风格，并筛选出可供水产养殖业使用的标准化行为筛选测试（operational behavioural screening test, OBST），以实现行为表型的分类与选育，进而改善养殖生产指标。共计61尾幼鱼与59尾亲鱼接受了5项个体行为测试与2项群体行为测试。在个体行为测试结束后，对所有试验个体采血以检测皮质醇、葡萄糖与乳酸水平。三项测试（束缚应激、新环境应激与围限应激）可有效表征塞内加尔鳎幼鱼与亲鱼的应激应对风格行为，并证实了个体间的行为一致性。进一步将上述三项测试纳入主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis, PCA）后，结果显示：(a) 可提取出两项人格特质主维度："恐惧-反应性"与"活动-探索性"；(b) 该两项维度对应应激应对风格的生理轴；(c) 所建立的群体测试可对上述结果进行验证。本研究首次提出了三项可可靠反映塞内加尔鳎幼鱼与亲鱼主动型与反应型人格特征的个体应对风格测试。此外，这三项测试满足部分基础实操标准：测试耗时短、无需特殊设备、操作与解读简便，可吸引水产养殖户用于筛选具备养殖优势行为的个体，亦可用于建立基于选育的育种计划，以提升养殖驯化效果与生产性能。