Cooper et al 2012 ELE_data

<strong>Data from: </strong> <em>Cooper N., Griffin R., Franz M., Omotayo M. &amp; Nunn C.L. (2012). Phylogenetic host specificity and understanding parasite sharing in primates. Ecology Letters, 15, 1370–1377.</em> <strong>Variable descriptions</strong> <strong>Data1: Host-parasite records.</strong> <strong>Host Name.</strong> Host binomial using Wilson and Reeder 2005 taxonomy.<br><strong>Parasite Name.</strong> Parasite name using Global Mammal Parasite Database taxonomy<br><strong>Parasite Type.</strong> Bacteria; Fungi; Helminth; Protozoa; Virus.<br><strong>VI.</strong> Parasites transmitted by vectors or intermediate hosts. 0 = not transmitted by this mode; 1 = transmitted by this mode only;<br>2 = transmitted by both modes.<br><strong>noVI.</strong> Parasites transmitted more directly (i.e, sexual, vertical, close and non-close transmission). 0 = not transmitted by this mode; 1 = transmitted by this mode only;<br>2 = transmitted by both modes <strong>Data2: Differences in ecological and distributional variables among pairs of primate species.</strong> <strong>species1.</strong> Binomial of species 1 using Wilson and Reeder 2005 taxonomy.<br><strong>species2.</strong> Binomial of species 2 using Wilson and Reeder 2005 taxonomy.<br><strong>divergence time.</strong> Divergence time in millions of years from Bininda Emonds et al 2007 supertree<br><strong>parasites1.</strong> Number of parasites found in species 1<br><strong>parasites2.</strong> Number of parasites found in species 2<br><strong>citsum.</strong> Sum of citation counts. Citation counts are the number of references retrieved from the ISI Web of Knowledge (http://wokinfo.com/; accessed 5 July 2012), where the Latin binomial of the species appeared in either the title or topic fields, and either ‘parasite’, ‘disease’ or ‘pathogen’ also appeared in the topic field. Where the species binomial had<br>changed between 1993 and 2005 (Wilson &amp; Reeder 1993, 2005), we summed the number of citations for the species names from both taxonomies.<br><strong>citdiff.</strong> Difference between citation counts<br><strong>GRoverlap.</strong> Magnitude of geographic range overlap in km2<br><strong>distance.</strong> Geodesic distance between species geographic range centroids (km)<br><strong>BMdiff.</strong> Difference between adult body mass (g)<br><strong>Groupdiff.</strong> Difference in social group size (number of individuals)<br><strong>Terrdiff</strong>. Difference in degree of terrestriality. Terrestriality is defined as terrestrial (&gt; 90% of time on ground), semiterrestrial (&lt; 90%, but &gt; 50% of time on ground), semi-arboreal (&lt; 90%, but &gt; 50% of time in trees) or arboreal (&gt; 90% of time in trees).<br><strong>Tempdiff.</strong> Difference in mean annual temperature<br>across the species' geographic ranges (oC)<br><strong>Precdiff.</strong> Difference in mean annual temperature across the species' geographic ranges (mm) <strong>parsim (NA)</strong>. Parasite community similarity for species 1 and 2 using Jaccard's index <strong>parsim (GR1).</strong> Parasite community similarity for species 1 and 2 using modified Jaccard's index using GR1 formulation of parasite geographic range (see Methods) <strong>parsim (GR2)</strong>. Parasite community similarity for species 1 and 2 using modified Jaccard's index using GR2 formulation of parasite geographic range (see Methods)

<strong>数据来源：</strong> <em>Cooper N.、Griffin R.、Franz M.、Omotayo M. 及 Nunn C.L.（2012）。《灵长类的系统发育宿主特异性与寄生虫共享现象解析》，载于《Ecology Letters》，第15卷，第1370–1377页。</em> <strong>变量说明</strong> <strong>数据集1：宿主-寄生虫记录。</strong> <strong>宿主名称：</strong> 采用Wilson与Reeder 2005年分类系统的宿主双名学名。<br><strong>寄生虫名称：</strong> 采用全球哺乳动物寄生虫数据库（Global Mammal Parasite Database）分类系统的寄生虫名称。<br><strong>寄生虫类型：</strong> 涵盖细菌（Bacteria）、真菌（Fungi）、蠕虫（Helminth）、原生动物（Protozoa）、病毒（Virus）。<br><strong>传播方式VI：</strong> 经媒介生物或中间宿主传播的寄生虫。0表示不通过该方式传播；1表示仅通过该方式传播；2表示可通过该方式与其他方式混合传播。<br><strong>传播方式noVI：</strong> 直接传播的寄生虫（即性传播、垂直传播、近距离及非近距离接触传播）。0表示不通过该方式传播；1表示仅通过该方式传播；2表示可通过该方式与其他方式混合传播。<br><strong>数据集2：灵长类物种对间的生态与分布变量差异。</strong> <strong>物种1：</strong> 采用Wilson与Reeder 2005年分类系统的物种双名学名。<br><strong>物种2：</strong> 采用Wilson与Reeder 2005年分类系统的物种双名学名。<br><strong>分化时间：</strong> 以百万年为单位，数据源自Bininda Emonds等人2007年的超级树（supertree）。<br><strong>寄生虫1数量：</strong> 物种1检出的寄生虫总数。<br><strong>寄生虫2数量：</strong> 物种2检出的寄生虫总数。<br><strong>引用总和（citsum）：</strong> 引用计数之和。引用计数指从ISI Web of Knowledge（http://wokinfo.com/；2012年7月5日访问）中检索得到的文献量，检索规则为物种的拉丁双名学名出现在标题或主题字段中，且主题字段同时包含"parasite（寄生虫）"、"disease（疾病）"或"pathogen（病原体）"。若物种双名学名在1993年至2005年间发生变更（Wilson & Reeder 1993、2005），则对两个分类体系下的物种名称引用数进行求和。<br><strong>引用差值（citdiff）：</strong> 两个物种的引用计数差值。<br><strong>地理范围重叠面积（GRoverlap）：</strong> 以平方公里为单位的物种地理范围重叠规模。<br><strong>地理距离：</strong> 两物种地理分布质心间的测地距离（单位：公里）。<br><strong>成体体重差值（BMdiff）：</strong> 两物种成体体重的差值（单位：克）。<br><strong>社会群体规模差值（Groupdiff）：</strong> 两物种社会群体的个体数量差值。<br><strong>陆生程度差值（Terrdiff）：</strong> 两物种陆生程度的差值。陆生程度定义为：陆生（>90%时间在地面活动）、半陆生（<90%地面活动时间，但>50%时间在地面）、半树栖（<90%树上活动时间，但>50%时间在树上）或树栖（>90%时间在树上活动）。<br><strong>年平均温度差值（Tempdiff）：</strong> 两物种地理分布区内的年平均温度差值（单位：摄氏度）。<br><strong>年平均变量差值（Precdiff）：</strong> 两物种地理分布区内的年平均温度差值（单位：毫米）<br><strong>相似性指数parsim（NA）：</strong> 基于雅卡尔指数（Jaccard's index）计算的物种1与物种2的寄生虫群落相似性。<br><strong>相似性指数parsim（GR1）：</strong> 采用GR1形式的寄生虫地理范围（详见方法部分）修正雅卡尔指数，计算得到的物种1与物种2的寄生虫群落相似性。<br><strong>相似性指数parsim（GR2）：</strong> 采用GR2形式的寄生虫地理范围（详见方法部分）修正雅卡尔指数，计算得到的物种1与物种2的寄生虫群落相似性。