VEMAP 2: U.S. Monthly Climate Change Scenarios, Version 2

The Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP) Phase 2 has developed a number of transient climate change scenarios based on coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) transient climate experiments. The purpose of these scenarios is to reflect time-dependent changes in surface climate from AOGCMs in terms of both (1) long-term trends and (2) changes in multiyear (3-5 yr) to decadal variability patterns, such as El Nino/Southern Oscillation(ENSO). Development of the data set is reported in Kittel et al. (1997). Scenarios have been derived from transient greenhouse gas experiments with sulfate aerosols from the Canadian Climate Center (CCC) and the Hadley Centre (HADCM2; Mitchell et al. 1995, Johns et al. 1997) accessed via the Climate Impacts LINK Project, Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia. Scenarios were developed for the following variables: total incident solar radiation, minimum and maximum temperature, vapor pressure, precipitation, relative humidity and mean monthly irradiance for the time periods January 1994 to approximately 2100. These data and the VEMAP 1 data (Kittel et al. 1995) were used to drive models in VEMAP Phase 2, the objectives of which are to compare time-dependent ecological responses of biogeochemical and coupled biogeochemical-biogeographical models to historical and projected transient forcings across the conterminous U.S. This data set of monthly climate change scenarios was designed to be concatenated with the /VEMAP/vemap.html">VEMAP 2: U.S. Monthly Climate, 1895-1993, Version 2 data set to create a single climate series from 1895 - ~2100. This data set is being made available for the U.S. National Assessment. Users are requested to confer with the NCAR VEMAP Data Group to ensure that the intended application of the data set is consistent with the generation and limitations of the data. For more information, refer to the VEMAP homepage. Data Citation The data set should be cited as follows: Kittel, T. G. F., N. A. Rosenbloom, C. Kaufman, J. A. Royle, C. Daly, H. H. Fisher, W. P. Gibson, S. Aulenbach, D. N. Yates, R. McKeown, D. S. Schimel, and VEMAP 2 Participants. 2000. VEMAP 2: U. S. Monthly Climate Change Scenarios, Version 2. Available on-line from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.

植被/生态系统建模与分析项目（Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project, VEMAP）二期基于耦合大气-海洋通用环流模式（coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, AOGCM）的瞬态气候试验，开发了多组瞬态气候变化情景。此类情景的设计目标是，从两个维度反映AOGCM输出的地表气候随时间的变化特征：(1) 长期趋势，以及(2) 3-5年多年尺度至年代际尺度的变率模式变化，例如厄尔尼诺/南方涛动（El Nino/Southern Oscillation, ENSO）。本数据集的开发过程详见Kittel等人（1997）的研究成果。

本情景数据源自两类试验：加拿大气候中心（Canadian Climate Center, CCC）与哈德利中心（Hadley Centre, HADCM2; Mitchell et al. 1995, Johns et al. 1997）开展的含硫酸盐气溶胶的瞬态温室气体试验，相关数据通过气候影响联动项目（Climate Impacts LINK Project）、东安格利亚大学气候研究部（Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia）获取。

本数据集覆盖1994年1月至约2100年的时段，包含以下变量的情景数据：总入射太阳辐射、最低与最高气温、水汽压、降水量、相对湿度，以及月平均辐照度。

本数据集与VEMAP 1数据（Kittel et al. 1995）一同用于驱动VEMAP二期的模型研究，该项目的核心目标为：对比生物地球化学模式及耦合生物地球化学-生物地理模式，针对美国本土地区的历史与预估瞬态强迫的时间依赖性生态响应。

本套月度气候变化情景数据集旨在与<a href="/VEMAP/vemap.html">VEMAP 2：美国月度气候数据集（1895-1993，版本2）</a>进行拼接，以形成1895年至约2100年的完整连续气候序列。本数据集现已面向美国国家评估项目开放共享。

恳请使用者与美国国家大气研究中心VEMAP数据工作组（NCAR VEMAP Data Group）沟通确认，以确保数据集的预期应用场景符合其生成逻辑与适用局限。如需获取更多信息，请参阅VEMAP官方主页。

### 数据引用
本数据集的标准引用格式如下：
Kittel, T. G. F., N. A. Rosenbloom, C. Kaufman, J. A. Royle, C. Daly, H. H. Fisher, W. P. Gibson, S. Aulenbach, D. N. Yates, R. McKeown, D. S. Schimel, 及VEMAP 2项目参与团队. 2000. VEMAP 2：美国月度气候变化情景数据集，版本2. 可在线获取自美国田纳西州橡树岭国家实验室分布式主动存档中心（Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.）