Data Sheet 1_Burden of NASH related liver cancer from 1990 to 2021 at the global, regional, and national levels.pdf

BackgroundThe global burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related liver cancer (NRLC) is increasing, making NASH the fastest-growing cause of liver cancer worldwide. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of NRLC burden at the global, regional, and national levels, further categorized by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI).
MethodData on NRLC from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) study 2021 were downloaded at global, regional, and national levels. The numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed to quantify the global burden of NRLC. Additionally, percentage changes in ASRs were used to identify trends in NRLC from 1990 to 2021.
ResultsGlobally, both the number of cases and ASRs for NRLC increased between 1990 and 2021. In 2021, there were 42,291 new cases, 40,925 deaths, and 995,475 DALYs attributed to NRLC. East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia reported the highest absolute case numbers, while Western, Southern, and Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa exhibited the highest ASRs. From 1990 to 2021, Australasia, Southern Latin America, and High-income North America showed the most significant increases in NRLC incidence. Nationally, Mongolia, Gambia, and Mozambique exhibited the highest ASR in 2021.The greatest percentage increases in ASIR occurred in Australia, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand between 1990 and 2021. NRLC incidence rates were higher in men and increased with age, peaking at 80–89 years. Similar patterns were observed for NRLC-related deaths and DALYs. Regionally, ASRs initially declined but then increased as SDI rose. At the national level, ASRs consistently decreased with higher SDI.
ConclusionThis study highlights the substantial burden of NRLC at global, regional, and national levels. Males and older individuals bear a higher disease burden, and considerable variation exists across different regions and countries. These findings provide critical insights for formulating effective strategies to prevent and manage NRLC.

背景：全球非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH）相关肝癌（NASH-related liver cancer, NRLC）的疾病负担持续攀升，NASH已成为全球范围内增长最快的肝癌诱因。本研究针对全球、区域及国家层面的NRLC疾病负担开展全面分析，并按年龄、性别与社会人口指数（sociodemographic index, SDI）进行细分。
方法：本研究下载了2021年全球疾病、伤害和风险因素研究（Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors, GBD）中全球、区域及国家层面的NRLC相关数据。通过量化分析NRLC的发病数、死亡率及伤残调整寿命年（disability-adjusted life years, DALYs）的年龄标化率（age-standardized rates, ASRs），以明确其全球疾病负担；同时借助年龄标化率的百分比变化，探究1990年至2021年间NRLC的流行趋势。
结果：1990年至2021年，全球NRLC的发病例数与年龄标化率均呈上升态势。2021年，全球归因于NRLC的新发癌症病例达42291例，死亡病例40925例，伤残调整寿命年总计995475人年。东亚、南亚及东南亚的绝对发病数位居全球前列，而撒哈拉以南非洲西部、南部及东部地区的年龄标化率最高。1990年至2021年，澳大拉西亚、拉丁美洲南部及高收入北美地区的NRLC发病率增幅最为显著。
国家层面来看，2021年蒙古国、冈比亚及莫桑比克的NRLC年龄标化率最高；1990年至2021年，澳大利亚、英国及新西兰的年龄标化发病率百分比增幅最大。NRLC的发病率在男性群体中更高，且随年龄增长逐步升高，于80~89岁年龄段达到峰值。NRLC相关死亡与伤残调整寿命年的分布模式与此一致。区域层面，年龄标化率随社会人口指数升高先降后升；而国家层面，年龄标化率则随社会人口指数升高持续下降。
结论：本研究揭示了全球、区域及国家层面NRLC所带来的沉重疾病负担。男性与老年群体承担了更高的疾病负担，且不同区域与国家间的疾病负担存在显著差异。本研究结果可为制定NRLC的有效防控与管理策略提供关键参考依据。