State of the Science Fact Sheet: Carbon Dioxide Removal Carbon Dioxide Removal

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) refers to strategies that remove CO2 from the atmosphere for long-term storage in reservoirs on land or in the ocean. CDR aims to draw down atmospheric CO2, thereby directly addressing the major underlying cause of climate change. CDR is distinct from carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), which captures CO2 at the source of the emissions (from the stack) to reduce further carbon emissions into the atmosphere. CDR is part of NOAA’s Climate Mitigation portfolio. NOAA’s observational networks, modeling capabilities, and research programs position the agency to lead in evaluating the efficacy of CDR methods and their potential impacts on the marine ecosystem.

二氧化碳移除（Carbon dioxide removal, CDR）指将大气中的二氧化碳移除并长期储存于陆地或海洋储层的各类策略。CDR的目标是降低大气二氧化碳浓度，从而直接应对气候变化的核心潜在诱因。CDR与碳捕获与封存（carbon capture and sequestration, CCS）存在本质区别：后者是在排放源头（如工业烟囱）处捕获二氧化碳，以减少进一步向大气排放的碳量。CDR隶属于美国国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA）的气候减缓举措组合。NOAA的观测网络、建模能力与研究项目体系，使得该机构能够在评估CDR方法的有效性及其对海洋生态系统的潜在影响方面发挥引领作用。