Effectiveness of state climate and energy policies in reducing power sector CO2 emissions dataset

This provides a dataset of the adoption of 17 different climate and energy policies by each of the 50 states in the U.S. for the period 1990-2014 based on state-specific information from C2ES (2017) and Morey and Kirsch (2016). Each of the policy variables are set to zero before adoption and one after adoption. This new dataset also incorporates a time-series data on electricity price [USD], population, and CO2 emitted in the electricity sector [metric ton, MT] for each state. During data processing, we also created two variables, named export ratio and emissions intensity. Export ratio is the percentage of a state's total electricity production that is exported to other states. It is set to zero if it a state is a net importer of electricity. We derived the state-level emissions intensity from EIA's "Net Generation by State by Type of Producer by Energy Source" (EIA 2016) and EPA's "State CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Combustion, 1990-2014" (EPA 2016) reports. To determine a state's emissions intensity, we divided state-level electric power sector CO2 emissions [in million metric tons, MMT] by state-level electric power industry generation [MWh] for each year from 1990-2014. By 2014, Connecticut, New York, and Oregon have adopted 10 or more policies and some, including climate action plan and binding Renewable Portfolio Standards have been adopted by more than 30 states. This new dataset can be used to assess the effectiveness of different policies on reducing emissions from the electricity sector and bring insights into policy adoption to mitigate climate change within the United States.

本数据集基于C2ES（2017）以及Morey和Kirsch（2016）的州级专项信息，收录了1990-2014年间美国50个州对17项不同气候与能源政策的采纳情况。每项政策变量在采纳前取值为0，采纳后取值为1。该新数据集还纳入了各州的电价[美元]、人口以及电力部门二氧化碳排放量[公吨，MT]的时间序列数据。数据处理过程中，我们还创建了两个变量，即出口率（export ratio）和排放强度（emissions intensity）。出口率指某州总发电量中出口至其他州的比例；若某州为电力净进口州，则该变量取值为0。州级排放强度数据来源于美国能源信息署（EIA）《按州、生产商类型及能源来源划分的净发电量》（EIA 2016）报告与美国环境保护署（EPA）《1990-2014年化石燃料燃烧产生的州级二氧化碳排放量》（EPA 2016）报告。州级排放强度的计算方式为：1990-2014年间每年的州级电力部门二氧化碳排放量[百万公吨，MMT]除以州级电力行业发电量[兆瓦时，MWh]。截至2014年，康涅狄格州、纽约州和俄勒冈州已采纳10项及以上政策；部分政策（包括气候行动计划和强制性可再生能源组合标准）已被超过30个州采纳。该新数据集可用于评估不同政策在降低电力部门排放量方面的有效性，并为美国国内通过政策采纳缓解气候变化提供洞见。