Dataset of Dental Periapical Radiograph for Osteoporosis Classification

Data are collected from postmenopausal Javanese women aged over 50 years. A total of 31 subjects have agreed to participate in the research and have signed informed consent. Ethical clearance of the data has also been obtained from the ethics and advocacy unit of the Faculty of Dentistry of Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) with the number: 0061/KKEP/FKG-UGM/EC/2019. Some criteria are used to exclude subjects from the research. These criteria include: suffering from cancer with bone metastases, kidney failure, metabolic diseases (hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, osteomalacia, renal osteodystrophy, and osteogenesis imperfecta), and taking drugs that affect bone metabolism.

After dental periapical radiographs are acquired from the Radiology Department of Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital of Universitas Gadjah Mada, the women underwent bone density examination at the Radiology Department of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Indonesia. Periapical radiographs used in this research have gone through an assessment process to ensure their quality. As for bone density estimation, a lunar prodigy primo DEXA densitometer (GE Lunar Corporation, Madison, WI, USA) is used to scan the subjects' spine and femur regions at an exposure of 42 µGy for 1.27 minutes. The bone density values were then converted into T-scores to determine the class of the subject into osteoporosis, osteopenia, or normal. These categories were then used as labels for the collected periapical radiographs. The conversion was conducted using the standard procedure specified by the World Health Organization (WHO). Based on BMD measurements of 13 subjects, three subjects were classified as normal, six were classified as osteopenia, and four were classified as osteoporosis.

本数据集的采集对象为50岁以上的爪哇族绝经后女性。共计31名受试者同意参与本研究并签署了知情同意书。本研究的数据已获得加查马达大学（Universitas Gadjah Mada, UGM）牙科学院伦理与宣传委员会的伦理审查批准，批准编号为0061/KKEP/FKG-UGM/EC/2019。本研究设置了如下受试者排除标准：伴骨转移的恶性肿瘤患者、肾功能衰竭患者、代谢性疾病患者（包括甲状旁腺功能亢进症、甲状旁腺功能减退症、骨软化症、肾性骨营养不良症及成骨不全症），以及服用影响骨代谢药物的受试者。

研究对象的牙科根尖片首先在加查马达大学苏多莫教授牙科医院放射科完成采集，随后于印度尼西亚萨尔德吉托博士医院放射科接受骨密度检测。本研究使用的根尖片均经过质量评估环节以确保成像质量。骨密度检测采用美国威斯康星州麦迪逊市GE Lunar公司生产的Lunar Prodigy Primo双能X线吸收法（DEXA）骨密度仪，以42微戈瑞（µGy）的辐射剂量对受试者脊柱及股骨区域进行扫描，扫描时长为1.27分钟。随后将骨密度值转换为T值，以此将受试者分为骨质疏松症、骨量减少及骨量正常三类，该分类结果将作为所采集根尖片的标签。上述转换流程严格遵循世界卫生组织（WHO）制定的标准操作规范。基于13名受试者的骨密度检测结果，其中3名被归为骨量正常组，6名被归为骨量减少组，4名被归为骨质疏松症组。