Individual differences in sociocognitive traits in semi-free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Characterizing individual differences in cognition is crucial for understanding the evolution of cognition as well as to test the biological consequences of different cognitive traits. Here, we harnessed the strengths of a uniquely large, naturally-living primate population at the Cayo Santiago Biological Field Station to characterized individual differences in rhesus monkey performance across two social cognitive tasks. A total of n = 204 semi-free-ranging adult rhesus monkeys participated in a data collection procedure, where we aimed to test individuals on both tasks at two time-points that were one year apart. In the socioemotional responses task, we assessed monkeys' attention to conspecific photographs with neutral versus negative emotional expressions. We found that monkeys showed overall declines in interest in conspecific photographs with age, but relative increases in attention to threat stimuli specifically, and further that these responses exhibited long-term stability acros..., See detailed methods in the manuscript. , , # Data from: Individual differences in sociocognitive traits in semi-free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcw4](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcw4)

Study Authors: Alexis A. Diaz, Raisa Hernández-Pacheco, & Alexandra G. Rosati

Correspondence to [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]) or [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail])

## Description of the data and file structure

This data set consists of two data files (.xlsx format) for the different components of the data reported in this work. For each file, there is a key tab in the file defining each variable reported in the main data tab. The specific files are:

1. Diaz et al Rhesus Socioemotional Responses: This file has trial-level data from the socioemotional responses task across two years.
2. Diaz et al Rhesus Gaze Following: This file has trial-level data from the gaze following task across two years.

刻画认知的个体差异对于理解认知演化以及检验不同认知特质的生物学后果至关重要。在此，我们利用了圣地亚哥岛生物野外站（Cayo Santiago Biological Field Station）独特的大型自然栖息灵长类种群优势，以研究恒河猴在两项社会认知任务中的个体表现差异。

共有204只半自由放养的成年恒河猴参与了数据收集过程，我们旨在在间隔一年的两个时间点对个体进行两项任务的测试。

在社会情绪反应任务中，我们评估了猴子对带有中性与负面情绪表情的同种个体照片的注意力。研究发现，随着年龄增长，猴子对同种个体照片的整体兴趣下降，但对威胁刺激的注意力相对增加，且这些反应表现出长期稳定性……详见手稿中的方法部分。

# 数据来源：半自由放养恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）社会认知特质的个体差异

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcw4](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcw4)

研究作者：Alexis A. Diaz、Raisa Hernández-Pacheco 及 Alexandra G. Rosati

通讯作者：[e-mail] 或 [e-mail]

## 数据与文件结构描述

本数据集包含两个.xlsx格式的数据文件，对应本研究报告数据的不同组成部分。每个文件均包含一个键值标签页，定义了主数据标签页中报告的每个变量。具体文件如下：

1. Diaz et al Rhesus Socioemotional Responses：该文件包含两年间社会情绪反应任务的试次级数据。
2. Diaz et al Rhesus Gaze Following：该文件包含两年间注视跟随（gaze following）任务的试次级数据。