RAID-FN Development and Validation

ObjectiveTo develop and validate a psychometric instrument—the Ro Allison Indiana Dhurandhar Food Noise Inventory (RAID-FN)—for measuring food noise, defined as "persistent thoughts about food that are perceived by the individual as unwanted and/or dysphoric and may cause harm, including social, mental, or physical problems".MethodsFour online studies with nationally representative U.S. adult samples were conducted. We performed item reduction, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory (IRT), internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and validity checks. 29 items were refined into a 23-item long form and a 7-item short form for use in various settings.Key FindingsStructure: Three factors—Preoccupation, Persistence, and Dysphoria.Reliability: Short form showed strong internal consistency (α = 0.90) and test–retest reliability (r = 0.89).Validity: Strong correlations with food cravings (ρ = .79) and food-cue responsivity (ρ = .68); weak correlations with social desirability and dietary restraint, supporting discriminant validity.IRT: Scale most precise for individuals with higher food noise levels.ImplicationsRAID-FN is a brief, valid, and reliable tool for assessing food noise. Future work will test its utility in clinical populations and responsiveness to interventions.

本研究旨在开发并验证一款心理测量工具——Ro Allison Indiana Dhurandhar食物干扰量表（Ro Allison Indiana Dhurandhar Food Noise Inventory, RAID-FN），用于测量“食物干扰（food noise）”，其定义为“个体感知为不受欢迎且/或令人烦躁的持续性食物相关想法，可能造成社交、心理或生理等各类损害”。

研究方法：共开展四项针对美国成年全国代表性样本的线上研究。本研究依次完成了条目精简、探索性与验证性因子分析、项目反应理论（Item Response Theory, IRT）分析、内部一致性检验、重测信度检验以及效度检验。最终从29个初始条目中提炼出适用于不同应用场景的23条目长版量表与7条目简版量表。

核心研究结果：
1. 因子结构：量表包含三个因子，分别为强迫性专注（Preoccupation）、持续性（Persistence）与烦躁性（Dysphoria）。
2. 信度：简版量表展现出优异的内部一致性（α=0.90）与重测信度（r=0.89）。
3. 效度：量表与食物渴求（ρ=0.79）、食物线索反应性（ρ=0.68）呈强相关，而与社会期许性、饮食约束呈弱相关，支持其区分效度。
4. 项目反应理论分析结果：该量表对食物干扰水平较高的个体测量精度最优。

研究意义：RAID-FN是一款简洁高效、具备良好效度与信度的食物干扰评估工具。未来研究将进一步检验其在临床人群中的应用价值，以及对干预措施的响应性。