External and gastrointestinal parasites of the Franklin’s Gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan (Charadriiformes: Laridae), in Talcahuano, central Chile

Abstract Parasitological studies of the Franklin's gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan, are scarce, and knowledge about its endoparasites is quite limited. In order to describe its parasitic community, a total of 60 Franklin’s gulls were captured in the coastal area in central Chile, using modified Bal-chatri traps. Ectoparasites were collected from all 60 live individuals through inspection of their plumage, while 30 were examined for endoparasites by standard parasitological necropsy. The prevalence of ectoparasites was 78.3%, including the feather mite Zachvatkinia larica (43.3%) and four species of lice: Actornithophilus piceus lari (15.0%), Austromenopon transversum (6.7%), Quadraceps punctatus (10.0%) and Saemundssonia lari (46.7%). Some 25 of 30 (83.3%) of birds necropsied were parasitized with the following helminths: Aporchis sp. (6.7%), Tetrabothrius cylindraceus (56.7%), Cyclophyllidea gen. sp. (3.3%), Profilicollis altmani (56.7%), Eucoleus contortus (10.0%), Cosmocephalus obvelatus (13.3%), Paracuaria adunca (10.0%), Stegophorus sp. (3.3%) and Tetrameres skrjabini (3.3%). To our knowledge, with the exception of P. altmani, these helminths are reported for first time in the Franklin's gull.

关于富兰克林鸥（Leucophaeus pipixcan）的寄生虫学研究较为匮乏，其体内寄生虫的相关认知亦十分有限。为阐明该物种的寄生群落组成，研究团队采用改良型巴尔查特里陷阱（Bal-chatri traps），于智利中部沿海区域共捕获60只富兰克林鸥。研究人员对全部60只活个体通过羽毛检视采集外寄生虫（ectoparasites），另选取其中30只开展标准寄生虫学尸检以检测体内寄生虫（endoparasites）。外寄生虫的流行率达78.3%，涵盖扎赫瓦特金羽螨（Zachvatkinia larica，感染率43.3%）以及4种虱类：Actornithophilus piceus lari（15.0%）、Austromenopon transversum（6.7%）、Quadraceps punctatus（10.0%）与Saemundssonia lari（46.7%）。经尸检的30只个体中，共计25只（占比83.3%）感染了以下蠕虫类寄生虫：Aporchis属未定种（6.7%）、圆柱四叶绦虫（Tetrabothrius cylindraceus，56.7%）、圆叶目未定属种（Cyclophyllidea gen. sp.，3.3%）、高曼前孔棘头虫（Profilicollis altmani，56.7%）、扭旋真毛细线虫（Eucoleus contortus，10.0%）、罩盖壳首线虫（Cosmocephalus obvelatus，13.3%）、钩状副杯口线虫（Paracuaria adunca，10.0%）、Stegophorus属未定种（3.3%）以及斯氏四棱线虫（Tetrameres skrjabini，3.3%）。据现有研究所知，除高曼前孔棘头虫（P. altmani）外，上述蠕虫类寄生虫均为首次在富兰克林鸥体内被报道。