Genomic studies of major inbred rice cultivars in China

The annual planting area of major inbred rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars reach more than half of the total annual planting area of inbred rice cultivars in China. However, how the major inbred rice cultivars changed during decades of genetic improvement and why they can be prevalently cultivated in China remains unclear. Here, we investigated the underlying genetic changes of major inbred cultivars and the contributions of landraces and introduced cultivars during the improvement by resequencing a collection of 439 rice accessions including major inbred cultivars, landraces, and introduced cultivars.

中国主栽栽培稻（Oryza sativa L.）自交品种的年种植面积，占全国自交水稻品种总年种植面积的一半以上。然而，数十年来的遗传改良进程中，这类主栽自交水稻品种经历了何种遗传变化，以及它们能够在中国广泛种植的原因，目前仍尚不明确。本研究通过对涵盖主栽自交水稻品种、地方品种（landrace）与引进品种（introduced cultivar）的439份水稻种质资源进行重测序，解析了主栽自交水稻品种在遗传改良过程中的潜在遗传变化，并阐明了地方品种与引进品种在该改良进程中所发挥的作用。