Data From: Geographically persistent clusters of La Crosse virus disease in the Appalachian region of the United States from 2003 to 2021

La Crosse virus (LACV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that causes more pediatric neuroinvasive disease than any other arbovirus in the United States. The geographic focus of reported LACV neuroinvasive disease (LACV-ND) expanded from the Midwest into Appalachia in the 1990s, and most cases have been reported from a few high-risk foci since then. Here, we provide the county-level LACV-ND dataset that we used to investigate changes in the distribution of geographic LACV-ND clusters between 2003 and 2021 and to investigate socioeconomic and demographic predictors of county-level disease risk in states with persistent clusters. We used spatial scan statistics to identify high-risk clusters from 2003–2021 and a generalized linear mixed model to identify socioeconomic and demographic predictors of disease risk.

Methods
We received the annual number of reported La Crosse virus neuroinvasive disease cases for each county in the United States from 2003 to 2021 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Vector-Borne Diseases. This data is publicly viewable in the United States national arbovirus surveillance system, ArboNET, but a request must be submitted to receive the data in tabular form. Here, we aggregated the data into four time periods: 2003–2007, 2008–2012, 2013–2017, and 2018–2021 by summing the number of cases for each county in each time period. We also provide a period-specific estimate of the total population in the county from United States census data.

拉克罗斯病毒（La Crosse Virus, LACV）是一种经蚊虫传播的病原体，在美国引发的儿童神经侵袭性疾病病例数多于其他任何虫媒病毒。1990年代，报告的拉克罗斯病毒神经侵袭性疾病（LACV-ND）病例的地理分布焦点从中西部扩展至阿巴拉契亚地区，此后多数病例均来自少数几处高风险疫源地。本数据集为县级尺度的拉克罗斯病毒神经侵袭性疾病数据集，我们曾借助该数据集探究2003年至2021年间拉克罗斯病毒神经侵袭性疾病地理聚集区的分布变化，同时分析了存在持续聚集区的各州中，县级尺度疾病风险的社会经济与人口统计学预测因子。我们采用空间扫描统计法识别2003-2021年的高风险聚集区，并通过广义线性混合模型确定疾病风险的社会经济与人口统计学预测因子。

方法
我们从美国疾病控制与预防中心虫媒传染病司获取了2003年至2021年美国各县级行政区报告的拉克罗斯病毒神经侵袭性疾病年度病例数。该数据可在美国国家虫媒病毒监测系统ArboNET中公开查阅，但需提交申请方可获取表格形式的数据集。本研究将数据按四个时间段汇总：2003-2007年、2008-2012年、2013-2017年及2018-2021年，即对各县级行政区在对应时间段内的病例数进行求和。此外，我们还提供了基于美国人口普查数据得到的各县级行政区对应时间段的总人口估算值。