Data Sheet 4_iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars under salinity stress.xlsx

IntroductionSoil salinity represents a significant abiotic stress factor that adversely affects potato yield and quality. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance is crucial for the development of resilient cultivars. This study examines the proteomic responses of salt-tolerant (M5008) and salt-sensitive (D516) potato cultivars under saline conditions.
MethodsA quantitative iTRAQ-based proteomic approach was utilized to analyze protein expression profiles in the roots of both cultivars exposed to 150 mM NaCl stress. Bioinformatics analyses—including Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction—were performed. Key results were further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).
ResultsA total of 511 and 456 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified in D516 and M5008, respectively. These DAPs were predominantly involved in redox homeostasis, sugar and osmotic metabolism, and phytohormone signaling pathways. PPI network analysis revealed six major functional modules, including glucose metabolism, translational initiation, and ubiquitin-mediated protein catabolism. The expression patterns of key proteins (G6PD1, P5CSA, PP2A2, TPS1, GAPCP1, HEXO1) were consistent with their corresponding mRNA levels, supporting their functional roles in the salt stress response.
DiscussionThe salt-tolerant cultivar M5008 demonstrates a coordinated and multifaceted response to salinity stress, characterized by enhanced antioxidant defense, efficient energy utilization, and precise regulation of protein synthesis and degradation. In contrast, the salt-sensitive cultivar D516 exhibits a disorganized and less effective response. These findings offer new insights into the proteomic mechanisms governing salt tolerance in potato and identify potential candidate genes for use in future breeding and genetic engineering efforts.

【引言】土壤盐渍化是一类重要的非生物胁迫因子，会对马铃薯的产量与品质造成不利影响。解析耐盐性的分子机制对于培育抗逆品种至关重要。本研究针对盐敏感品种D516与耐盐品种M5008这两个马铃薯栽培种在盐胁迫环境下的蛋白质组响应展开分析。
【方法】本研究采用基于同位素相对与绝对定量标签（iTRAQ）的定量蛋白质组学方法，对两个栽培种的根系在150 mM氯化钠（NaCl）胁迫下的蛋白质表达谱进行分析。本研究还开展了一系列生物信息学分析，包括基因本体（Gene Ontology, GO）注释、京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG）通路富集分析以及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络构建。关键研究结果进一步通过实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）完成验证。
【结果】在D516和M5008中分别鉴定出511种和456种差异积累蛋白（differentially accumulated proteins, DAPs）。这些差异积累蛋白主要参与氧化还原稳态、糖类与渗透代谢以及植物激素信号通路。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络分析揭示了6个主要功能模块，涵盖葡萄糖代谢、翻译起始以及泛素介导的蛋白质降解过程。关键蛋白（G6PD1、P5CSA、PP2A2、TPS1、GAPCP1、HEXO1）的表达模式与其对应的mRNA水平一致，佐证了它们在盐胁迫响应中的功能角色。
【讨论】耐盐品种M5008对盐胁迫展现出协调且多维度的响应，其核心特征为强化的抗氧化防御能力、高效的能量利用以及对蛋白质合成与降解的精准调控。与之形成鲜明对比的是，盐敏感品种D516的响应呈现无序且低效的状态。本研究结果为解析马铃薯耐盐性的蛋白质组学调控机制提供了全新视角，并筛选出可用于未来育种与基因工程研究的潜在候选基因。