Dataset for evaluation element fluxes released by weathering and taken up by plants along the EarthShape climate and vegetation gradient

With this data, we expand the data set characterizing the Critical Zone geochemistry along the Chilean Coastal Cordillera provided by Oeser et al. (2018). This data set completes the results of bulk geochemical analysis of bedrock and regolith with those of bulk analysis of major plants and those of the bio-available fraction in saprolite and soil (determined using a modified sequential extraction method on bulk regolith samples after Arunachalam et al., 1996; He et al., 1995; Tessier et al., 1979). For all those compartments of the Earth’s Critical Zone, we further present 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios. A detailed graphical presentation and discussion of this data as well as method description is given in Oeser and von Blanckenburg (2020), Decoupling primary productivity from silicate weathering – how ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation gradient. Using this data, we were thus, able to determine weathering rates and nutrient uptake along the “EarthShape” climate and vegetation gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera and to identify the sources of mineral nutrients to plants. Ultimately, we were able to budget inventories, gains and losses of nutritive elements in and out of these ecosystems and to quantify nutrient recycling. We found that the weathering rate does not increase from north to south along the climate gradient. Instead, the increase in biomass growth rate is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. The absence of an increase in weathering rate in spite of a five-fold increase in precipitation led us to hypothesize that the presence of plants even negatively impacts weathering through reducing the water flow, inducing secondary-mineral formation, and fostering a microbial community specializing on nutrient-recycling rather than nutrient-acquisition through weathering. All samples are assigned with International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSN), a globally unique and persistent Identifier for physical samples. The IGSNs are provided in the data tables and link to a comprehensive sample description in the internet. Tables included in this data publication: Table S1: Chemical composition of representative bedrock samples from Pan de Azúcar, Santa Gracia, La Campana, and Nahuelbuta. Table S2: Weathering indices CDF and τ along with radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the 2 × 4 regolith profiles. Table S3: Concentration of the bio-available fraction, comprised of the water-soluble and the exchangeable fraction. Table S4: Concentration of the water-soluble and the exchangeable fraction, and the relative amount of the bio-available fraction (pooled water-soluble and exchangeable fraction) on bulk regolith. Table S5: Chemical composition of the study sites’ single plant organs along with their respective 87Sr/86Sr ratio.

本数据集扩展了Oeser等人（2018）提供的、表征智利海岸山脉关键带（Critical Zone）地球化学特征的数据集。本数据集补充了基岩与风化层的全岩地球化学分析结果，新增了主要植物的全岩分析数据，以及腐泥土和土壤中生物可利用组分（bio-available fraction）的分析结果——后者通过对全风化层样品采用改良的顺序提取法（modified sequential extraction method）测定，该方法参考了Arunachalam等人（1996）、He等人（1995）及Tessier等人（1979）的研究。针对地球关键带的上述所有组分，我们进一步提供了锶同位素比值（87Sr/86Sr）数据。Oeser与von Blanckenburg（2020）的研究《将初级生产力与硅酸盐风化解耦——生态系统如何沿气候与植被梯度调控养分吸收》对本数据的详细图示、讨论及方法描述进行了阐述。借助本数据，我们得以测定智利海岸山脉“EarthShape”气候与植被梯度上的风化速率及养分吸收量，并识别植物矿质养分的来源。最终，我们成功核算了这些生态系统中营养元素的储量、输入输出盈亏，并量化了养分循环过程。研究发现，沿气候梯度从北向南，风化速率并未升高；相反，生物量增长率的提升由更快的养分循环所支撑。尽管降水量增加了五倍，但风化速率并未提升，这使我们推测：植物的存在甚至会通过减少水流、诱导次生矿物形成，以及培育专注于养分循环而非通过风化获取养分的微生物群落，对风化产生负面影响。所有样本均分配有国际地质样本编号（International Geo Sample Number，IGSN）——这是物理样本的全球唯一且持久的标识符。IGSN信息包含在数据表中，可链接至互联网上的样本综合描述页面。本数据出版物包含以下表格：表S1：来自Pan de Azúcar、Santa Gracia、La Campana及Nahuelbuta的代表性基岩样品化学成分；表S2：2×4个风化层剖面的风化指数CDF与τ，以及放射性锶同位素比值87Sr/86Sr；表S3：生物可利用组分（包括水溶性组分与交换性组分）的浓度；表S4：全风化层中水溶性组分、交换性组分的浓度，以及生物可利用组分（水溶性与交换性组分的合并值）的相对含量；表S5：研究区域内单株植物器官的化学成分及其对应的87Sr/86Sr比值。