Santa Catalina Mountains Soil Solution Chemistry 2015 (Arizona, USA)

Abstract: Soil solution samples in the Santa-Catalina Mountain field sites of the Catalina-Jemez Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) are collected with three types of soil solution samples: i) Prenart Super Quartz suction cups (www.prenart.dk), ii) SoilMoisture suction cups (SoilMoisture Equipment Corp., Santa Barbara, CA), and iii) custom made zero-tension sampler (Hinckley et al., 2008). Prenart suction cups are optimized for all chemistry analyses and were installed with and without addition of Si-slurry at the Mount Bigelow and Marshall Gulch/Oracle Ridge study sites, respectively. Applied suction for each Prenart is ~ 50kPa and SoilMoisture suction cups are sampled with a suction of 70-80kpa. Both suction cup types are optimized for all chemistry analyses with the exception of dissolved organic matter in the case of the SoilMoisture ones (due to potential sorption of DOM on the porous ceramic material). Zero-tension samplers are optimized for water flux determination at saturated flow and sampling for various chemistry analyses. In Marshall Gulch, there are 8 SoilMoisture suction cups in the schist site and 7 in the granite site in both convergent and divergent landscape positions. These soil solution samplers are co-located with piezometers measuring water table depth within the soil profile. In the Oracle Ridge site, there are 8 pedons each equipped with 2 Prenarts and 1 SoilMoisture ceramic cup lysimeter. These samplers are co-located with Decagon Em5b data loggers with EC-5 soil moisture sensors and ECT soil temperature sensors. The B2 Desert Schist and a Granite sites are both equipped with 7 zero-tension samplers (Hinckley et al., 2008) in both divergent and convergent landscape positions as well one SoilMoisture ceramic cup lysimeter. These samplers are co-located with Decagon Em5b data loggers with EC-5 soil moisture sensors and ECT soil temperature sensors. In the Bigelow ZOB site, there are 4 pedons each equipped with 4 Prenarts co-located with Decagon 5TE soil moisture and MPS-6 matric potential sensors, Vaisala GMM220 CO2 sensors, and Apogee SO-110 O2 sensors, and platinum electrode sensors for redox potential, connected to Campbell Sci CR1000 data logger.

Other Description: Trostle, K.D., Runyon, J.R., Pohlmann, M.A., Redfield, S.E., Pelletier, J., McIntosh, J., and Chorover, J. (2016) Colloids and Organic Matter Complexation Control Trace Metal Concentration-Discharge Relationships in Marshall Gulch Stream. Water Resources Research, 52(10): 7931–7944.

Dwivedi, R., Meixner, T., McIntosh, J.C., Ferré, P.A.T., Eastoe, C.J., Niu, G.-Y., Minor, R.L., Barron-Gafford, G.A., and Chorover, J. (2019) Hydrologic functioning of the deep critical zone and contributions to streamflow in a high-elevation catchment: Testing of multiple conceptual models. Hydrological Processes, 33(4): 476-494.

摘要：采自卡特琳娜-赫梅斯临界带观测站（Catalina-Jemez Critical Zone Observatory, CZO）圣卡塔利娜山地野外点位的土壤溶液样品共包含三类：i）普纳尔特超石英吸力采样器（Prenart Super Quartz suction cups，www.prenart.dk）；ii）SoilMoisture品牌吸力采样器（SoilMoisture Equipment Corp., 加利福尼亚州圣巴巴拉市）；iii）定制零张力采样器（Hinckley等，2008）。普纳尔特吸力采样器适配全类型化学分析，比格洛山（Mount Bigelow）研究点位加装了添加硅浆（Si-slurry）的采样装置，而马歇尔古尔奇/奥拉克尔岭（Marshall Gulch/Oracle Ridge）研究点位则加装了未添加硅浆的装置。每台普纳尔特采样器的施加负压约为50kPa，SoilMoisture吸力采样器的采样负压为70~80kPa。两类吸力采样器均可适配全类型化学分析，但SoilMoisture采样器因溶解态有机质（dissolved organic matter, DOM）可能在多孔陶瓷材料上发生吸附，无法用于溶解态有机质分析。零张力采样器适用于饱和流条件下的水通量测定，以及多类化学分析采样。在马歇尔古尔奇点位，片岩样地布设8台SoilMoisture吸力采样器，花岗岩样地布设7台，两类样地均覆盖汇水与分水两种景观位置。这些土壤溶液采样器与监测土壤剖面内地下水位的测压管共点位布设。在奥拉克尔岭点位，共设8个土壤发生层（pedons），每个土壤发生层均配备2台普纳尔特采样器与1台SoilMoisture陶瓷杯式渗漏计（lysimeter）。这些采样器与搭载EC-5土壤湿度传感器与ECT土壤温度传感器的Decagon Em5b数据采集器共点位布设。B2沙漠片岩样地与花岗岩样地均在汇水与分水两种景观位置布设了7台零张力采样器（Hinckley等，2008），同时各配备1台SoilMoisture陶瓷杯式渗漏计。这些采样器与搭载EC-5土壤湿度传感器与ECT土壤温度传感器的Decagon Em5b数据采集器共点位布设。在比格洛ZOB点位，共设4个土壤发生层，每个土壤发生层配备4台普纳尔特采样器，并与搭载了5TE土壤湿度传感器、MPS-6基质势传感器、Vaisala GMM220 CO₂传感器、Apogee SO-110 O₂传感器以及氧化还原电位铂电极传感器的Campbell Sci CR1000数据采集器共点位布设。

其他说明：
Trostle, K.D., Runyon, J.R., Pohlmann, M.A., Redfield, S.E., Pelletier, J., McIntosh, J., and Chorover, J. (2016) 《胶体与有机质络合作用调控马歇尔古尔奇溪流中痕量金属浓度-流量关系》，《水资源研究（Water Resources Research）》, 52(10): 7931–7944.

Dwivedi, R., Meixner, T., McIntosh, J.C., Ferré, P.A.T., Eastoe, C.J., Niu, G.-Y., Minor, R.L., Barron-Gafford, G.A., and Chorover, J. (2019) 《深层临界带水文功能及其对高海拔流域径流的贡献：多概念模型验证》，《水文过程（Hydrological Processes）》, 33(4): 476-494.