d-GDM: A mobile diagnostic decision support system for gestational diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the study is to describe a portable and convenient software to facilitate the diagnostics of gestational (GDM) and pre-gestational diabetes (PGDM). Materials and methods An open source software, d-GDM, was developed in Java. The integrated development environment Android Studio was used as the Android operational system. The software for GDM diagnosis uses the criteria endorsed by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group, modified by the World Health Organization. Results GDM diagnosis criteria is not simple to follow, therefore, errors or inconsistencies in diagnosis are expected and could delay the appropriate treatment. The d-GDM, was developed to assist GDM diagnosis with precision and consistency diagnostic reports. The open source software can be manipulated conveniently. The operator requires information regarding the gestational period and selects the appropriate glycaemic marker options from the menu. During operation, pressing the button “diagnosticar” on the screen will present the diagnosis and information for the follow up. d-GDM is available in Portuguese or English and can be downloaded from the Google PlayStore. A responsive web version of d-GDM is also available. The usefulness and accuracy of d-GDM was verify by field tests involving 22 subjects and 5 mobile phone brands. The approval regards user-friendliness and efficiency were 95% or higher. The GDM diagnosis were 100% correct, in this pilot test. d-GDM is a user-friendly, free software for diagnosis that was developed for mobile devices. It has the potential to contribute and facilitate the diagnosis of gestational diabetes for healthcare professionals.

摘要
研究目的：本研究旨在开发一款便携易用的软件，以辅助妊娠糖尿病（GDM）与孕前糖尿病（PGDM）的临床诊断。
材料与方法：本研究采用Java语言开发了开源软件d-GDM，并以Android Studio集成开发环境适配安卓操作系统。该用于GDM诊断的软件采用了国际糖尿病与妊娠研究组所认可、经世界卫生组织修订的诊断标准。
研究结果：妊娠糖尿病诊断标准较为繁复，临床诊断过程中易出现误差或不一致性，进而延误恰当的治疗干预。为此开发的d-GDM软件可辅助生成精准且一致的诊断报告。该开源软件操作便捷，使用者仅需输入妊娠周期相关信息，并从菜单中选择合适的血糖标志物选项即可。操作过程中，点击屏幕上的"diagnosticar"按钮，即可获取诊断结果与随访指导信息。d-GDM支持葡萄牙语与英语两种语言，可从谷歌应用商店（Google Play Store）下载，同时还提供响应式网页版本。本研究通过涵盖22名受试者与5个手机品牌的实地测试，验证了d-GDM的实用性与准确性：使用者对其易用性与运行效率的认可度达95%及以上，本次预试验中的GDM诊断准确率达100%。d-GDM是一款面向移动设备的免费易用诊断软件，有望助力医疗专业人员更便捷地开展妊娠糖尿病诊断工作。