UC-MSCbFGF/支架系统加速子宫全层损伤的愈合。

严重的子宫损伤是子宫内膜瘢痕形成和女性不孕的主要原因。目前仍然缺乏促进损伤子宫愈合的方法。间充质干细胞的基因工程修饰在再生的临床前研究中显示出巨大的前景。在此，我们构建了一种具有过表达碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（UCMSC-bFGF）的脐带间充质干细胞（UC-MSCs），并研究了UCMSC-bGF/支架对大鼠全层缺损子宫功能再生的影响。在治疗后第7、14和30天，处死大鼠并观察损伤的子宫。通过苏木精和伊红染色、免疫组织化学染色和生育实验评估子宫的结构和功能变化。UCMSC-bFGF/支架组具有抗炎作用，且在修补后第7天，UCMSC-bGF/支架组的CD45+细胞数量显著少于UC MSCs/支架组和支架组，但高于假手术组。在第14天，与UC MSCs/支架组和支架组相比，UCMSC bFGF/支架组表现出显著的促血管生成功效。在第30天，UCMSC-bFGF/支架中的子宫内膜厚度、子宫肌层结构和血管优于UC-MSCs/支架组和支架组，甚至接近假手术组。UCMSC-bFGF/支架组术后30天损伤区胚胎植入率（8/16）显著高于UC-MSCs/支架组（1/16）和支架组（0/16）。总之，UCMSC-bFGF/支架系统抑制了局部炎症，促进了血管生成，加速了缺损子宫壁的再生，从而大大缩短了损伤子宫的愈合时间。

Severe uterine injury is a major cause of endometrial scarring and female infertility. Currently, there remains a lack of effective methods to promote the healing of injured uteri. Genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells have shown great potential in preclinical regenerative medicine research. Herein, we constructed umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing basic fibroblast growth factor (UCMSC-bFGF), and investigated the effect of the UCMSC-bFGF/scaffold system on functional regeneration of rat uteri with full-thickness defects. Rats were sacrificed on days 7, 14, and 30 post-treatment, and the injured uteri were observed. Structural and functional changes of the uteri were evaluated via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical staining, and fertility assay. The UCMSC-bFGF/scaffold group exhibited anti-inflammatory effects; on day 7 post-repair, the number of CD45+ cells in the UCMSC-bFGF/scaffold group was significantly lower than that in the UC-MSCs/scaffold group and scaffold-only group, but higher than that in the sham operation group. On day 14, compared with the UC-MSCs/scaffold group and scaffold-only group, the UCMSC-bFGF/scaffold group showed significant pro-angiogenic efficacy. On day 30, the endometrial thickness, myometrial structure, and vascular status in the UCMSC-bFGF/scaffold group were superior to those in the UC-MSCs/scaffold group and scaffold-only group, and even close to those in the sham operation group. The embryo implantation rate in the injured area of the UCMSC-bFGF/scaffold group on day 30 post-operation (8/16) was significantly higher than that in the UC-MSCs/scaffold group (1/16) and scaffold-only group (0/16). In summary, the UCMSC-bFGF/scaffold system suppresses local inflammation, promotes angiogenesis, and accelerates the regeneration of defective uterine walls, thereby greatly shortening the healing time of injured uteri.