Estudio del refrán 'aunque la mona se vista de seda, mona se queda' desde la perspectiva paremiológica

With the aim of delving deeper into a genre of oral literature, the proverbs, this paper contains the study of the Spanish proverb Aunque la mona se vista de seda, mona se queda (the correspondence to You can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear) from a paremiological perspective. After analysing the formal features of a proverb, its key idea is specified and its meaning is explained, to then find out what variants exist in lexicographical, paremiographical and literary sources, without forgetting the variants provided by oral sources. Afterwards, the semantic relations that this proverb establishes with other proverbs are dealt with, not only in terms of synonymy, but also in terms of antonymy and hyponymy. Finally, the identification of correspondences with paremias from other languages will allow us to have a better knowledge of the life of this proverb and to reach results of interest for the comparative study with other proverbs. Thus, this paper provides a method for analysing proverbs based on research conducted on the complex nature of proverbs.

为深入探究口头文学中的谚语这一文体类型，本文从谚语学（paremiological）视角对西班牙谚语"Aunque la mona se vista de seda, mona se queda"（对应英文谚语"You can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear"，中文意为“本性难移”）展开研究。在分析该谚语的形式特征后，明确其核心思想并阐释其含义，随后从词典学、谚语编纂学（paremiographical）及文学来源中探寻现存变体，同时不忽略口头来源提供的变体。之后，探讨该谚语与其他谚语之间建立的语义关系，不仅涉及同义关系，还包括反义关系与上下义关系。最后，识别该谚语与其他语言中谚语（paremias）的对应关系，有助于深入了解其存续历程，并为与其他谚语的比较研究得出有价值的结论。因此，本文基于对谚语复杂本质的研究，提出了一种谚语分析方法。