Table_2_Effects of Sex on the Relationship Between Apolipoprotein E Gene and Serum Lipid Profiles in Alzheimer’s Disease.docx

BackgroundSex is an important factor in studying the relationship between the APOE gene, lipid profiles, and AD. However, few studies have focused on the effect of sex on lipids in AD and normal controls with different APOE genes.
Materials and MethodsA total of 549 participants, including 298 AD patients and 251 body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls (HCs), were enrolled. Lipid profiles and APOE genes in both AD patients and HCs were determined.
Results(1) TC and LDL were higher in AD patients than in HCs, only in APOEε4 carrying populations, but not in non-carrying populations. (2) TC and LDL were higher in APOEε4 allele carriers than in non-carriers, only in AD populations, but not in HCs. (3) The TC of APOEε2 carriers was lower than that of non-carriers in the male AD population, but not in the female AD population, female HCs, and male HCs. (4) The increased LDL level may increase the risk of AD in female people carrying APOEε4.
ConclusionThe TC and LDL levels of APOEε4 carriers were higher than those of non-carriers, and the effect was more significant in the female AD population. The TC levels in APOEε2 carriers were lower than those in non-carriers, which was more significant in the male AD population.

背景：性别是研究APOE基因（APOE gene）、血脂谱与阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's Disease, AD）之间关联的重要影响因素。然而，目前鲜有研究关注性别对携带不同APOE基因型的阿尔茨海默病患者及正常对照者血脂水平的影响。
材料与方法：本研究共纳入549名受试者，包括298名阿尔茨海默病患者与251名体重指数（Body Mass Index, BMI）匹配的健康对照者（Healthy Controls, HCs）。对所有受试者的血脂谱及APOE基因型进行了检测。
结果：(1) 仅在携带APOEε4等位基因的人群中，阿尔茨海默病患者的总胆固醇（Total Cholesterol, TC）与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, LDL）水平高于健康对照者；而在非携带人群中未观察到该差异。(2) 仅在阿尔茨海默病患者群体中，APOEε4等位基因携带者的总胆固醇与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于非携带者；而在健康对照者中未发现此差异。(3) 在男性阿尔茨海默病患者群体中，APOEε2等位基因携带者的总胆固醇水平低于非携带者，但该差异未在女性阿尔茨海默病患者、女性健康对照者及男性健康对照者中出现。(4) 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高可能会增加携带APOEε4等位基因的女性人群罹患阿尔茨海默病的风险。
结论：携带APOEε4等位基因的人群总胆固醇与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于非携带者，且该效应在女性阿尔茨海默病患者群体中更为显著。APOEε2等位基因携带者的总胆固醇水平低于非携带者，该差异在男性阿尔茨海默病患者群体中表现更为明显。