Data_Sheet_1_Mitigation of the Stopping Power Effect on Proton-Boron11 Nuclear Fusion Chain Reactions.docx

A proton beam with a velocity of the order of 109 cm/s is generated to interact with a charge neutral hydrogen-boron medium such as H3B. The created charged particles are confined by magnetic fields. This concept was the basis for a novel non-thermal fusion reactor, published recently in Laser and Particle Beams [1]. The fusion is initiated by protons followed by a process of chain reactions in a neutral medium density of the order of 1019 cm−3, heated by the pB11 fusion created alphas up to a temperature of about one electron volt. In this system, the radiation losses by bremsstrahlung are negligible and the plasma thermal pressure is low. The ionization of the gaseous medium is caused by the alpha elastic nuclear collisions with the hydrogen atoms and their thermal heating and it is < 10−4. An external electric field is applied to avoid the energy losses of the protons particles by friction, due to their interaction with the electrons of the medium, to keep the proton-boron fusion at the maximum cross section of about 600 keV at the center of mass frame of reference. The alphas created in the pB11 fusion undergo nuclear elastic collisions with the hydrogen protons of the medium and causing a pB11 chain reaction. In this paper the equation of motion of these proton and alphas are solved numerically for the one-dimensional (1D) case, and their possible solutions are analyzed and discussed. Specifically, it is shown how the electric field can mitigate the stopping power for the proton11-proton nuclear fusion. Our results show that starting from a bunch of 1013 protons in our volume, an alpha number of particles of 6 × 1016 was accepted after a 5 ms cycle of applying our specially designed electric field. Consequently, the medium temperature was raised to 1.3 eV. The aim of this paper is to present a new concept by addressing only the main physical processes and not to present a complete engineering design. The configuration for mitigating the stopping power and the numerical solution in this paper is novel and promises few applications with a viable proton-boron11 fusion reactions.

一束速度量级为10^9 cm/s的质子束（proton beam）被产生，以与H3B这类电荷中性氢硼介质（charge neutral hydrogen-boron medium）发生相互作用。所产生的带电粒子受磁场（magnetic fields）约束。该概念是一种新型非热核聚变反应堆（non-thermal fusion reactor）的设计基础，相关研究近期发表于《激光与粒子束（Laser and Particle Beams）》[1]。此次聚变由质子引发，随后在密度量级为10^19 cm^−3的中性介质中发生链式反应；介质由pB11聚变产生的α粒子加热至约1电子伏特（electron volt, eV）的温度。在此系统中，轫致辐射（bremsstrahlung）带来的辐射损耗可忽略不计，且等离子体热压（plasma thermal pressure）较低。气态介质的电离由α粒子与氢原子的弹性核碰撞（elastic nuclear collisions）及其热加热过程引发，电离度低于10^−4。为避免质子粒子因与介质电子相互作用产生的摩擦效应导致能量损耗，同时将质子硼聚变维持在质心系（center of mass frame of reference）下约600 keV的最大反应截面（cross section）处，我们施加了外电场。pB11聚变产生的α粒子会与介质中的氢质子发生核弹性碰撞，进而引发pB11链式反应。本文针对一维（1D）情形，对上述质子与α粒子的运动方程进行了数值求解，并对可能的解展开分析与讨论。具体而言，本文阐明了电场如何缓解质子-硼11核聚变的阻止本领（stopping power）。研究结果表明，在我们的数值模拟体积中，从初始包含10^13个质子的粒子团出发，经过施加特制电场的5毫秒循环后，可获得6×10^16个α粒子。相应地，介质温度被提升至1.3 eV。本文旨在仅围绕核心物理过程提出一种全新概念，而非呈现一套完整的工程设计方案。本文中用于缓解阻止本领的构型与数值求解方法具有创新性，有望为可行的质子-硼11聚变反应带来若干应用场景。