Base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination in tomato species and their hybrids

Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate the base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination in wild species of tomato, in the Redenção cultivar, and in their respective interspecific F1 hybrids. The wild accessions Solanum pimpinellifolium AF 26970, Solanum galapagense LA-1401, Solanum peruvianum AF 19684, Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum PI-127826, Solanum habrochaites var. glabratum PI-134417, and Solanum pennellii LA-716; the cultivar Redenção (Solanum lycopersicum); and their respective interspecific hybrids were evaluated, on the transplanting dates 12/22/2015, 2/12/2016, and 4/6/2016. The base temperature was estimated using the least mean squared error of the linear regression between the number of nodes and the accumulated thermal sum. The plastochron for the main stem and the first three lateral stems was estimated using the base temperature. The base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination varied from 4.5 to 14.8°C. The species S. habrochaites var. hirsutum accession PI-127826, S. habrochaites var. glabratum accession PI-134417, and their hybrids with the Redenção cultivar showed the lowest base temperatures and plastochron for the main stem, whereas the remaining wild species and interspecific hybrids had a base temperature near that of cultivated tomato. Wild species and interspecific hybrids of tomato show a great variation in base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination.

摘要：本研究旨在估算番茄野生种、雷登桑（Redenção）栽培品种及其对应种间F1杂交种的节点发生生物学零度（base temperature）与叶间期（plastochron）。供试种质包括醋栗番茄（Solanum pimpinellifolium）AF 26970、加拉帕戈斯番茄（Solanum galapagense）LA-1401、秘鲁番茄（Solanum peruvianum）AF 19684、多毛番茄（Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum）PI-127826、绒毛番茄光滑变种（Solanum habrochaites var. glabratum）PI-134417，以及潘那利番茄（Solanum pennellii）LA-716；雷登桑栽培品种（Solanum lycopersicum）；及其对应的种间F1杂交组合。试验分别于2015年12月22日、2016年2月12日及2016年4月6日三个定植期开展。生物学零度的估算以节点数与累积积温（accumulated thermal sum）间线性回归的最小均方误差（least mean squared error）为依据。基于所得生物学零度，进一步估算主茎及前3条侧枝的叶间期。研究结果表明，节点发生与叶间期对应的生物学零度范围为4.5~14.8℃。其中，多毛番茄多毛变种PI-127826、绒毛番茄光滑变种PI-134417，及其与雷登桑品种的杂交种，主茎的生物学零度与叶间期均为最低；其余野生种及其种间杂交种的生物学零度与栽培番茄相近。综上，番茄野生种及种间杂交种的节点发生与叶间期生物学零度存在较大变异。