USPA's application to cell puncture

This figures show a sequence of photos of puncturing into the zerbrafish embryo. Initially, the tip approached the embryo orthogonally to the slot and punctured into the embryo at the instant that it was in contact with the cell membrane. Subsequently, the USPA caused the tip to retract from the embryo; this process changed the embryo’s position possibly because of the dragging force between the pipette and the membrane [48]. Followingly, the USPA moved in the lateral direction to the next embryo, and finally, it completed the process. These results demonstrate the USPA’s potential to cell puncture, benefiting from the untethered two-DOF movements.

该图展示了斑马鱼胚胎穿刺过程的照片序列。初始阶段，针尖沿垂直于槽的方向接近胚胎，并在接触细胞膜的瞬间刺入胚胎内部。随后，USPA驱动针尖从胚胎中缩回；这一过程可能因移液管与细胞膜间的拖曳力导致胚胎位置发生改变[48]。紧接着，USPA沿横向移动至下一个胚胎，最终完成整个操作流程。这些结果表明，得益于无束缚的两自由度（two-DOF）运动能力，USPA在细胞穿刺领域具有显著应用潜力。