Quality of Life in the Face of Depression among Older People: A Cross-sectional Study in Brazil and Portugal

Objective: to analyze the association of depression levels with aspects of Quality of Life (QoL) in elderly users of Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil and Portugal. Methods: cross-sectional study, carried out with elderly people from PHC in Brazil and Portugal, between 2017 and 2018. We obtained a non-random sample of participants and selected for convenience. The Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health QoL (SF-36) instruments were used to measure QOL and the Beck Inventory to assess depression. We regrouped the variables of depression levels into “Absent/Mild” and “Moderate/Severe” and tested the crossing between them and the categorical variables of QOL “Better QoL” and “Worse QoL. Results: the total sample consisted of 150 participants (Brazil n= 100 and Portugal n= 50). In the association analysis between the variables of each group (Brazil and Portugal), we identified, in the Absent/Mild depression subcategory (n=129), the prediction for Better QoL in Portugal in the Functional Aspect domains (p-value =0.027/OR= 2.768), Physical Aspect (p-value <0.001/OR= 5.864) and in the Physical Health dimension (p-value=0.002/OR= 3.752). The binary logistic regression analysis highlighted the Physical Aspect domain, with R²=0.165 (p-value <0.001) and the Physical Health dimension, with R²=0.109 (p-value= 0.002). Conclusions: we concluded that there was an association between better assessments of physical and functional aspects of QoL with lower levels of depression, in which those related to physical health and functionality stood out. Portugal presented better QOL assessments compared to Brazil.

研究目的：分析巴西与葡萄牙初级卫生保健（Primary Health Care, PHC）老年人群的抑郁水平与生活质量（Quality of Life, QoL）各维度的关联。
研究方法：本研究为横断面研究，于2017至2018年间针对巴西与葡萄牙初级卫生保健服务的老年人群开展，采用便利抽样法获取非随机研究样本。采用医学结局简明健康生活质量量表（Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health QoL, SF-36）评估生活质量，以贝克抑郁量表（Beck Inventory）评估抑郁水平。将抑郁水平变量重新归类为“无/轻度抑郁”与“中度/重度抑郁”，并检验其与“生活质量较好”“生活质量较差”两类分类变量的交叉关联。
研究结果：总样本共包含150名参与者（巴西n=100，葡萄牙n=50）。在两国各自的组间变量关联分析中，于“无/轻度抑郁”亚组（n=129）中，葡萄牙人群在功能维度（p值=0.027，优势比（Odds Ratio, OR）=2.768）、躯体维度（p值<0.001，OR=5.864）及躯体健康维度（p值=0.002，OR=3.752）均与较好的生活质量存在显著预测关联。二元logistic回归分析显示，躯体维度（R²=0.165，p值<0.001）与躯体健康维度（R²=0.109，p值=0.002）具有显著预测价值。
研究结论：本研究证实，生活质量躯体与功能维度的良好评估与更低水平的抑郁存在显著关联，其中躯体健康与功能相关因素尤为突出。相较于巴西人群，葡萄牙人群的生活质量评估结果更优。