The microbiome of incident CF Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections

This study aimed at investigating whether the composition of the cystic fibrosis sputum microbiota is linked to susceptibility to developing incident airway infections with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and the subsequent microbiological outcomes associated with infection. To achieve this, we harnessed a comprehensive sputum biobank containing sputum samples from persons with cystic fibrosis attending the Calgary Adult Cystic Fibrosis Clinic. Our investigation encompassed an examination of the microbiome within CF sputum samples taken both prior to, during, and after the onset of incident S. maltophilia infection. These profiles were then compared to those of age and sex-matched CF controls negative for S. maltophilia infection. The primary objectives of this research were 1) To elucidate potential associations between the composition of the CF sputum microbiome and the acquisition of S. maltophilia infection. And 2) To assess the risk of persistence associated with S. maltophilia infection. This study seeks to uncover the microbiological intricacies that play a pivotal role in the development and outcome of S. maltophilia infections within the context of cystic fibrosis. This work highlights the potential of CF sputum microbiome analysis as a future clinical tool to improve infection diagnosis and management in persons with cystic fibrosis.

本研究旨在探讨囊性纤维化（cystic fibrosis）患者痰液微生物组的构成，是否与嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（Stenotrophomonas maltophilia）新发气道感染的易感性，以及该感染相关的后续微生物学转归存在关联。为此，我们利用了一座涵盖卡尔加里成人囊性纤维化诊所就诊的囊性纤维化患者痰液样本的大型痰液生物样本库。本研究对新发嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染发生前、发生时及发生后采集的囊性纤维化患者痰液样本中的微生物组进行了检测分析，并将这些微生物组特征与年龄、性别匹配且嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染检测呈阴性的囊性纤维化对照样本进行比对。本研究的主要目标为：1）阐明囊性纤维化痰液微生物组构成与嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染获得之间的潜在关联；2）评估嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染相关的持续感染风险。本研究旨在揭示在囊性纤维化背景下，对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的发生与转归发挥关键作用的微生物学细节。本研究凸显了囊性纤维化痰液微生物组分析作为未来临床工具，用于改善囊性纤维化患者感染诊断与管理的潜力。