Spatiotemporal examination of seasonal surface water changes

The dataset supports spatiotemporal analysis of interactions between seasonal water, climate, land use, policy, and socioeconomic changes.

The seasonal water area data was extracted from The JRC Monthly Water History, V1.2. This entire history collection includes 430 monthly water detection images between March 1984 and December 2019. Each image contains 30m pixels with three possible cell values: 1 - not water (i.e., land), 2 - seasonal water, and 3 - permanent water. We aimed at examining the whole Hulun-Buir basin consisting of 12 banners. We counted the total number of cells with a 2 value each year over each banner from 2000 to 2014. We multiplied that number by 30m × 30m to get the yearly seasonal water areas by banners.

The data of precipitation and temperature were interpolated from the 50 weather stations in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) of China (http://cdc.cma.gov.cn). The annual precipitation and the average temperature were spatially interpolated as two grid maps at 250m×250m using ArcGIS Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). The cell values were resampled as the averaged values by counties.
The data of land-use and land-cover changes (LULC) primarily came from The NASA MCD12Q1 Data Product (https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd12q1v006/) at 500 m resolution. 16 out of the 17 International Geosphere-Biosphere Program LULC types were found in the study area, except "Evergreen Broadleaf Forest" (http://www.igbp.net/).

The socioeconomic variables were entered from the statistic yearbooks of the IMAR from 2000 to 2015 (IMAR Statistical Bureau, 2001 - 2016).

All data are stored in the excel file, titled as HulunBuir_Seasonal_Water_Change_Research_Data_Sources. The worksheet called ‘Data’ contains all data items; the worksheet of ‘Explanation’ provides full names and measurement units of the abbreviated variable names; and the worksheet of ‘Banner_Names’ includes the Chinese and English names along with the index ID for the counties involved with the dataset. Banner is the Mongolian term of the English word, County.

本数据集支持对季节性水体、气候、土地利用、政策与社会经济变化之间的相互作用进行时空分析。
季节性水体面积数据提取自**JRC月度水体历史数据集V1.2（The JRC Monthly Water History, V1.2）**。该完整历史数据集包含1984年3月至2019年12月间的430幅月度水体检测影像，每幅影像采用30米分辨率像素，像元值共三种：1代表非水体（即陆地）、2代表季节性水体、3代表永久性水体。本次研究聚焦呼伦贝尔（Hulun-Buir）流域，该流域下辖12个旗。我们统计了2000年至2014年间各旗内像元值为2的总像元数，并将其乘以30米×30米，得到各旗的年度季节性水体面积。
降水与气温数据源自中国内蒙古自治区（Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, IMAR）境内50个气象站点的观测资料，数据来源为中国气象局气象数据中心（http://cdc.cma.gov.cn）。基于ArcGIS反距离加权（Inverse Distance Weighted, IDW）工具，将年度降水量与平均气温空间插值为250米×250米分辨率的两幅栅格图层，随后将栅格像元值重采样为各旗的平均数值。
土地利用与土地覆被变化（Land Use and Land Cover Change, LULC）数据主要来源于NASA MCD12Q1数据集产品（https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd12q1v006/），分辨率为500米。研究区内共包含国际地圈生物圈计划（International Geosphere-Biosphere Program, IGBP）17类LULC类型中的16类，缺失“常绿阔叶林”类型，分类体系详情可参考http://www.igbp.net/。
社会经济变量数据来源于2000年至2015年内蒙古自治区统计年鉴，由内蒙古自治区统计局（IMAR Statistical Bureau, 2001-2016）编制发布。
所有数据均存储于名为"HulunBuir_Seasonal_Water_Change_Research_Data_Sources"的Excel文件中。其中，工作表"Data"包含全部数据条目；工作表"Explanation"提供了缩写变量名的完整名称及量测单位；工作表"Banner_Names"收录了本数据集涉及的各旗中英文名称及索引ID。注：“Banner”为蒙古语中对应英文“County（县）”的称谓。