Development and production of sweet corn applied with biostimulant as seed treatment

ABSTRACT Sweet corn has potential to increase farmer’s income. Thus, biostimulants may contribute to increase productivity of sweet corn, being indicated and used in various crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of applying biostimulant on sweet corn crops and to establish the ideal dose aiming to increase the crop’s agronomic characteristics. The experiment was installed in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul-MS and was conducted from November 15, 2012 to February 19, 2013. Treatments were composed of eight biostimulant doses (0.0, 4.0, 8.0, 12.0, 16.0, 20.0, 24.0 and 28.0 mL kg-1 of seeds), arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The responses of the variables to the best dose of biostimulant were 12.4, 15.3, 13.7, 12.4, 15.7, 16.4, 15.4 and 12.5 mL kg-1, respectively for plant height, first ear insertion height, stem diameter, final population, number of ears per hectare, ear mass with and without straw and ear index. Considering that the ear with straw is the source of economic return to the producer, the dose of 16.4 mL kg-1 is the best indication in this condition.

摘要 甜玉米具备提升农户经济收益的潜力。生物刺激素（biostimulant）可有效提高甜玉米生产效能，目前已在多种作物中推广应用。本研究旨在评估施用生物刺激素对甜玉米作物的影响，并确定最优施用剂量以改善该作物的农艺性状。试验于巴西南马托格罗索州沙帕当杜苏市（Chapadão do Sul-MS）开展，试验周期为2012年11月15日至2013年2月19日。试验设置8个生物刺激素施用量梯度（0.0、4.0、8.0、12.0、16.0、20.0、24.0及28.0 mL·kg⁻¹种子），采用完全随机区组设计，设置4次重复。各农艺性状对应的最优生物刺激素剂量分别为：株高12.4 mL·kg⁻¹、第一果穗着生高度15.3 mL·kg⁻¹、茎粗13.7 mL·kg⁻¹、最终群体密度12.4 mL·kg⁻¹、每公顷果穗数15.7 mL·kg⁻¹、带苞叶果穗鲜重16.4 mL·kg⁻¹、不带苞叶果穗鲜重15.4 mL·kg⁻¹以及果穗指数12.5 mL·kg⁻¹。鉴于带苞叶果穗是农户的核心经济收益来源，本试验条件下最优施用剂量为16.4 mL·kg⁻¹。