Bone meal as a source of phosphorus for forage sugarcane1

ABSTRACT Phosphate fertilizers of organic origin may represent a viable alternative for the replacement of mineral fertilizers in the nutrition of crops such as forage sugarcane. This study aimed to investigate the effects of phosphate fertilization with bone meal and single superphosphate on the concentration of phosphorus (P) in the plant tissue, total soluble solids and yield aspects of forage sugarcane. A complete randomized block design was used, in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of combining two phosphorus sources (single superphosphate and bone meal) and five P2O5 doses (0 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1 and 200 kg ha-1). Sugarcane plants fertilized with the addition of bone meal showed an increase in height and number of nodes (13 % and 15 %, respectively), when compared to the mineral fertilization with single superphosphate. The sugarcane attributes, in response to the P2O5 doses, were described by quadratic functions. The dose of 95.80 kg ha-1 of P2O5 in the bone meal led to the highest concentration of P in the plant tissue (3.60 g kg-1). The comparison between the sources of P at the doses of 100 kg ha-1 and 150 kg ha-1 of P2O5 showed that the total soluble solids content was 8.62 % and 13.84 % higher, respectively, in plants fertilized with bone meal.

摘要：有机源磷酸盐肥料可作为饲用甘蔗等作物养分供应中替代矿质肥料的可行方案。本研究旨在探究骨粉（bone meal）与过磷酸钙（single superphosphate）两种磷肥对饲用甘蔗植株组织磷（P）浓度、总可溶性固形物含量及产量相关性状的影响。本试验采用完全随机区组设计，设置2×5因子方案，共4次重复。试验处理组合为两种磷源（过磷酸钙与骨粉）及5个五氧化二磷(P₂O₅)施用量梯度：0 kg·ha⁻¹、50 kg·ha⁻¹、100 kg·ha⁻¹、150 kg·ha⁻¹及200 kg·ha⁻¹。与施用单过磷酸钙矿质磷肥的处理相比，施加骨粉的甘蔗植株株高与节数分别提升13%与15%。甘蔗各性状对五氧化二磷施用量的响应均符合二次函数变化规律。当以骨粉为磷源、施用量为95.80 kg·ha⁻¹五氧化二磷时，甘蔗植株组织的磷浓度达到最高值3.60 g·kg⁻¹。在施用量为100 kg·ha⁻¹与150 kg·ha⁻¹五氧化二磷的处理中，施用骨粉的甘蔗植株总可溶性固形物含量分别较过磷酸钙处理高出8.62%与13.84%。