Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP): 2001 Panel Wave 1

<p>This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. These include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as units in structure, tenure, access, and complete kitchen facilities. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs for each month of the four- month reference period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to providing income data associated with labor force activity, the core questions cover nearly 50 other types of income. Core data also include postsecondary school attendance, public or private subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are a series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. Topical modules include some core data to link individuals to the core files. The Wave 1 Topical Module covers recipiency and employment history. The Wave 2 Topical Module includes work disability, education and training, marital, migration, and fertility histories, and household relationships. The Wave 3 Topical Module covers medical expenses and utilization of health care, work-related expenses and child support, assets and liabilities, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care, vehicles, value of business, interest earning accounts, rental properties, stocks and mutual fund shares, mortgages, and other assets. The Wave 4 Topical Module covers work schedule, taxes, child care, and annual income and retirement accounts. Data in the Wave 5 Topical Module describe child support agreements, school enrollment and financing, support for non-household members, adult and child disability, and employer-provided health benefits. The Wave 6 Topical Module covers medical expenses and utilization of health care, work related expenses, child support paid and child care poverty, assets and liabilities, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care, vehicles, value of business, interest earning accounts, rental properties, stock and mutual fund shares, mortgages, and other financial investments. The Wave 7 Topical Module covers informal caregiving, children's well-being, and annual income and retirement accounts. The Wave 8 Topical Module and Wave 8 Welfare Reform Topical Module cover child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, adult disability, child disability, adult well-being, and welfare reform. The Wave 9 Topical Module covers medical expenses and utilization of heath care (adults and children), work related expenses, child support paid and child care poverty, assets and liabilities, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care, vehicles, value of business, interest earnings accounts, rental properties, stocks and mutual fund shares mortgages, and other financial investments (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)</p>

本数据集是一项纵向调查（longitudinal survey）的组成部分，旨在提供美国家庭及个人经济状况的详细信息。该数据集分析了美国社会中收入、财富与贫困的分布情况，并评估联邦及州级项目对家庭和个人福祉的影响。调查包含三个基本元素：

第一部分为控制信息卡，记录家庭中每位成员的基本社会人口学特征，以及访谈期间这些特征的变化，包括年龄、性别、种族、族裔背景、婚姻状况、家庭关系、教育程度及退伍军人身份。此外还包含住房单元特征的有限数据，如建筑单元类型、居住权、设施可及性及完整厨房设施等。

第二部分为核心问卷，在每次访谈中重复询问劳动力活动、收入类型及金额，以及四个月参考期内每月参与各类现金及非现金福利项目的情况。就业人员数据涵盖工作时长、周数、收入及失业周数；非就业人员则分为失业或非劳动力人口两类。除劳动力活动相关收入数据外，核心问题还涉及近50种其他收入类型，以及高等教育入学情况、公私立补贴租赁住房、低收入能源援助、学校早餐及午餐参与情况等。

第三部分为专题模块（topical modules），即选定家庭访问期间询问的一系列补充问题，其中包含部分核心数据以关联个体与核心文件。各波次专题模块内容如下：
- Wave1专题模块：领取历史与就业史；
- Wave2专题模块：工作残疾、教育与培训、婚姻、迁移及生育史、家庭关系；
- Wave3专题模块：医疗支出与医疗服务利用、工作相关支出与子女抚养费、资产与负债、房地产、住房成本、托育、车辆、企业价值、计息账户、租赁物业、股票及共同基金份额、抵押贷款及其他资产；
- Wave4专题模块：工作安排、税收、托育、年收入及退休账户；
- Wave5专题模块：子女抚养协议、入学及资助、非家庭成员支持、成人及儿童残疾、雇主提供的健康福利；
- Wave6专题模块：医疗支出与医疗服务利用、工作相关支出、已支付子女抚养费及托育贫困、资产与负债、房地产、住房成本、托育、车辆、企业价值、计息账户、租赁物业、股票及共同基金份额、抵押贷款及其他金融投资；
- Wave7专题模块：非正式照护、儿童福祉、年收入及退休账户；
- Wave8专题模块及Wave8福利改革专题模块：子女抚养协议、非家庭成员支持、成人残疾、儿童残疾、成人福祉及福利改革；
- Wave9专题模块：医疗支出与医疗服务利用（成人及儿童）、工作相关支出、已支付子女抚养费及托育贫困、资产与负债、房地产、住房成本、托育、车辆、企业价值、计息账户、租赁物业、股票及共同基金份额、抵押贷款及其他金融投资。