Animal feeding practices by region (2018/19).

Livestock feeding practices play a pivotal role in sustaining agricultural productivity and food security in Ethiopia. However, the sector continues to face structural challenges, including a heavy reliance on traditional feed resources and pronounced regional disparities. This study utilized secondary data from the Agricultural Sample Surveys conducted annually by the Central Statistical Agency (2004/05–2018/19) to assess feeding practices, examine regional variations, and analyze long-term trends. Descriptive statistics, trend analysis, and correspondence analysis were applied. Different data analytical techniques were employed, including descriptive statistics, trend analysis, and Correspondence Analysis (CA), were employed to monitor livestock feeding practices, examine the regional differences, and explore trends over the long horizon. Results showed a decline in reliance on green fodder (from 40.3% to 36.9%) and crop residues (from 33.5% to 32.0%), accompanied by a modest increase in the use of improved feeds (0.15% to 0.90%) and agro-industrial by-products (2.7% to 4.6%). Regional differences were substantial: Afar predominantly used green fodder (82%), while Harari relied more on crop residues (41%). In high-livestock-population regions such as Amhara, Oromia, and SNNP, feeding practices varied according to resource availability and management strategies. These findings underscore the need for targeted, region-specific interventions to enhance feed availability, promote adoption of sustainable and cost-effective feeding systems, and address persistent demand–supply imbalances. The evidence also offers insights for policy reforms in other agriculture-based developing economies.

牲畜饲喂模式对埃塞俄比亚的农业生产力维持与粮食安全发挥着关键支撑作用。然而，该领域仍面临诸多结构性挑战：一方面高度依赖传统饲料资源，另一方面存在显著的区域发展不均衡问题。本研究采用中央统计署（Central Statistical Agency）2004/05至2018/19年度每年开展的农业抽样调查二手数据，旨在评估牲畜饲喂模式、研判区域差异并分析长期趋势。研究运用了描述性统计、趋势分析与对应分析（Correspondence Analysis, CA）等多种数据分析技术，以监测饲喂模式变化、考察区域差异并探究长期发展态势。结果显示，青绿饲料依赖占比从40.3%降至36.9%，作物秸秆依赖占比从33.5%降至32.0%，而改良饲料与农工业副产品的使用占比则分别从0.15%升至0.90%、从2.7%升至4.6%，呈现小幅增长态势。区域差异尤为突出：阿法尔州（Afar）的饲喂主要依赖青绿饲料（占比82%），而哈勒尔州（Harari）则更多使用作物秸秆（占比41%）。阿姆哈拉州（Amhara）、奥罗米亚州（Oromia）与SNNP等牲畜存栏量较高的区域，其饲喂模式会根据资源可获得性与管理策略的不同而呈现差异化特征。上述研究结果凸显了实施针对性区域干预措施的必要性：通过提升饲料供给能力、推广可持续且经济高效的饲喂体系，以解决长期存在的供需失衡问题。此外，本研究结论也可为其他农业主导型发展中经济体的政策改革提供借鉴思路。