S1 Dataset -

Purpose
To assess the ability of a new posterior pole protocol to detect areas with significant differences in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness in patients with multiple sclerosis versus healthy control subjects; in addition, to assess the correlation between RNFL and GCL thickness, disease duration, and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).
Methods
We analyzed 66 eyes of healthy control subjects and 100 eyes of remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) patients. Double analysis based on first clinical symptom onset (CSO) and conversion to clinically definite MS (CDMS) was performed. The RR-MS group was divided into subgroups by CSO and CDMS year: CSO-1 (≤ 5 years) and CSO-2 (≥ 6 years), and CDMS-1 (≤ 5 years) and CDMS-2 (≥ 6 years).
Results
Significant differences in RNFL and GCL thickness were found between the RR-MS group and the healthy controls and between the CSO and CDMS subgroups and in both layers. Moderate to strong correlations were found between RNFL and GCL thickness and CSO and CDMS. Furthermore, we observed a strong correlation with EDSS 1 year after the OCT examination.
Conclusions
The posterior pole protocol is a useful tool for assessing MS and can reveal differences even in early stages of the disease. RNFL thickness shows a strong correlation with disability status, while GCL thickness correlates better with disease duration.

# 研究目的
本研究旨在评估一款新型后极部检查方案，用以对比多发性硬化（multiple sclerosis, MS）患者与健康对照受试者的视网膜神经纤维层（retinal nerve fiber layer, RNFL）及神经节细胞层（ganglion cell layer, GCL）厚度存在显著差异的区域；此外，本研究还旨在探讨视网膜神经纤维层、神经节细胞层厚度与病程、扩展残疾状况量表（Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS）之间的相关性。

# 研究方法
本研究共纳入66只健康对照眼及100只复发缓解型多发性硬化（remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis, RR-MS）患者眼。基于首次临床症状发作（clinical symptom onset, CSO）及临床确诊多发性硬化（clinically definite MS, CDMS）时间节点开展双重分析。将复发缓解型多发性硬化组按首次临床症状发作年限、临床确诊年限分为亚组：CSO-1（距首次发作≤5年）、CSO-2（距首次发作≥6年），以及CDMS-1（距确诊≤5年）、CDMS-2（距确诊≥6年）。

# 研究结果
本研究发现，复发缓解型多发性硬化组与健康对照组之间、各CSO亚组与CDMS亚组之间，视网膜神经纤维层与神经节细胞层厚度均存在显著差异。视网膜神经纤维层、神经节细胞层厚度与首次临床症状发作时间、临床确诊时间呈中至强相关性。此外，光学相干断层扫描（Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT）检查后1年的扩展残疾状况量表评分与上述厚度指标呈强相关性。

# 研究结论
后极部检查方案是评估多发性硬化的有效工具，甚至可检出疾病早期阶段的异常改变。视网膜神经纤维层厚度与残疾状况呈强相关性，而神经节细胞层厚度与病程的相关性更优。