Biological and mechanical characterization of commercial and experimental periodontal surgical dressings

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of two commercially available and one experimental periodontal dressing materials. The cytotoxicity of Periobond ® , Barricaid ® and one experimental periodontal dressing based on Exothane ® 8 monomer was tested on 3T3/NIH mouse fibroblast. Genotoxicity was assessed by micronuclei formation, and cell alterations were analyzed using light microscopy. Both biological assays were performed using the eluate obtained from specimens after 24, 72, or 168 hours of incubation. Mechanical characterization was assessed through the ultimate tensile strength and the water sorption and solubility tests. The significance level of α = 0.05 was used for all statistical analyses. All the materials promoted a cell viability lower than 60% in all evaluated times. In general, the cell viability was significantly reduced after 72 and 168h of specimens’ incubation. Considering the factor material, there were not statistical differences in the cell viability (p = 0.156). The genotoxicity was not statistically significant among the groups in the different periods of time (p > 0.05). Differences in the ultimate tensile strength values were not statistically significant different among the groups (p = 0.125). Periobond ® showed the higher water sorption values (p < 0.001). Regarding solubility, there were no statistical differences between the groups (p = 0.098). All the periodontal dressing materials evaluated in this study exerted a cytotoxic effect against mouse fibroblasts, and their toxicity became more evident over time. Among the materials evaluated, the experimental light-cure type has shown overall similar properties to the commercial references.

摘要 本研究旨在评估两种市售及一种实验性牙周塞治剂（periodontal dressing）的生物相容性与机械性能。以3T3/NIH小鼠成纤维细胞为受试模型，测试了Periobond®、Barricaid®以及一种以Exothane® 8单体为基础的实验性牙周塞治剂的细胞毒性。通过微核形成（micronuclei formation）实验评估基因毒性（genotoxicity），采用光学显微镜分析细胞形态变化。两项生物学实验均使用了标本经24、72或168小时孵育后获取的洗脱液（eluate）。机械性能表征通过极限抗拉强度（ultimate tensile strength）、吸水率（water sorption）与溶解度（solubility）测试完成。所有统计分析均采用α=0.05的显著性水平。
所有受试材料在所有评估时间点下的细胞活力均低于60%。总体而言，标本孵育72小时和168小时后，细胞活力显著降低。就材料类型因素而言，各组细胞活力无统计学差异（p=0.156）。不同时间段各组的基因毒性均无统计学显著性（p>0.05）。各组极限抗拉强度值亦无统计学差异（p=0.125）。Periobond®的吸水率最高（p<0.001）。关于溶解度，各组间无统计学差异（p=0.098）。本研究中评估的所有牙周塞治剂材料均对小鼠成纤维细胞产生细胞毒性效应，且毒性随时间推移愈发显著。在所评估的材料中，实验性光固化型材料的综合性能与市售参比材料整体相近。