Inspecting the performance of neutral players in different small-sided games

The aim of this study was to inspect the effects of format and task conditions on neutral players' heart rate responses and time-motion characteristics. Four formats of play using neutral players and three task conditions were inspected. Moreover, the factor repetition (3 games per each SSG) was also analysed. Ten male amateur soccer players (26.36 ± 5.33 years old, 8 ± 3.2 years of practice, 66.18 ± 10.16 bpm at rest) participated in this study. The repeated measured revealed that no differences were found between repetitions (Pillai's Trace = .075; F8, 100 = 1.007; p-value = .436; = .075; Power = .445; small effect size). In the game 1 significant interaction effects between the two factors on heart rate responses and time-motion profiles were observed (Pillai's Trace = 0.699; F24,428 = 3.774; p-value = .001; = .175; Power = 1.000; moderate effect size). In the game 2 , significant interaction effects between the two factors on heart rate responses and time-motion profiles were observed (Pillai's Trace = .712; F24,428 = 3.860; p-value = .001; = .178; Power = 1.000; moderate effect size). Finally, in the game 3 significant interaction effects between the two factors on heart rate responses and time-motion profiles were observed (Pillai's Trace = .729; F24,428 = 3.972; p-value = .001; = .182; Power = 1.000; moderate effect size). Briefly, it was possible to conclude that the biggest formats statistically increased the heart rate responses and time-motion characteristics of neutral players. It was also possible to observe that the mean values of heart rate responses found in neutral players throughout small-sided games were appropriated to very light or recovery workouts.

本研究旨在探究比赛赛制与任务条件对中立球员心率反应及时间-运动特征的影响。本研究共设置4种针对中立球员的比赛赛制与3种任务条件，并额外分析了重复次数因素（每轮小场对抗赛（small-sided games, SSG）开展3次重复）。共有10名男性业余足球运动员参与本研究，其年龄为26.36±5.33岁，足球训练年限为8±3.2年，静息心率为66.18±10.16次/分钟。重复测量分析结果显示，不同重复次数间无显著性差异（皮莱迹统计量（Pillai's Trace）=0.075；F(8,100)=1.007；p值=0.436；效应量=0.075；检验效力=0.445；效应量较小）。在第1场比赛中，两因素对球员心率反应与时间-运动特征存在显著交互效应（皮莱迹统计量=0.699；F(24,428)=3.774；p值=0.001；效应量=0.175；检验效力=1.000；效应量中等）。第2场比赛中，两因素同样对心率反应与时间-运动特征存在显著交互效应（皮莱迹统计量=0.712；F(24,428)=3.860；p值=0.001；效应量=0.178；检验效力=1.000；效应量中等）。第3场比赛中，两因素对心率反应与时间-运动特征仍存在显著交互效应（皮莱迹统计量=0.729；F(24,428)=3.972；p值=0.001；效应量=0.182；检验效力=1.000；效应量中等）。综上可得出结论：赛制规模更大的比赛会使中立球员的心率反应与时间-运动特征出现统计学意义上的显著提升。此外，本研究还观察到，中立球员在小场对抗赛中的平均心率反应水平，适配于极轻量训练或恢复性训练。