美国量子信息科学战略概述

“概述”中提到，目前美国在量子信息科学研究领域全球领先，且在该领域的投入主要分为7大类，即量子传感、量子计算、量子网络、量子器件和理论进步带来的科学进步、支持技术、未来应用和风险控制，其中前4类属于基础科学研究，后3类属于技术开发。“概述”系统性地总结了量子信息科学带来的挑战、机遇，以及为维持和扩大美国在QIS领域的领导地位应做出的努力。美国将在国家科学技术委员会（NSTC）量子信息科学小组委员会（SCQIS）的协调下，通过唯一名称组织，为量子信息研发创建一种可见的、系统的、全国的方法。这份国家战略内容包括：专注于科学优先的方法，旨在识别和解决重大挑战：这些挑战的解决能够带来科学与工业的变革性进展；建立多元化的专业量子从业人员，以满足不断增长的人才需求；鼓励行业参与，为公私合作提供适当的机制；提供实现科技机遇所需的关键基础设施和相关支持；推动经济增长；维护国家安全；继续并发展国际合作与交流。

The "Overview" states that the United States currently leads the global research and development landscape in Quantum Information Science (QIS). Its investment in this field is categorized into seven major groups: quantum sensing, quantum computing, quantum networks, quantum devices and scientific advancements derived from theoretical progress, enabling technologies, future applications, and risk control. Among these, the first four categories fall under basic scientific research, while the latter three belong to technology development.

The "Overview" systematically summarizes the challenges and opportunities brought by QIS, as well as the efforts required to maintain and expand the United States' leading position in the QIS domain. Under the coordination of the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science (SCQIS) of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), the United States will establish a visible, systematic, nationwide framework for QIS research and development through a unified naming-based organization.

The contents of this national strategy include: adopting a science-prioritized approach to identify and address major challenges whose resolution will drive transformative progress in both science and industry; cultivating a diverse pool of professional quantum practitioners to meet the growing talent demand; encouraging industry participation and establishing appropriate mechanisms for public-private cooperation; providing the critical infrastructure and relevant support needed to realize scientific and technological opportunities; promoting economic growth; safeguarding national security; and continuing and advancing international cooperation and exchanges.