Temporal trend in the prevalence of indicators related to driving a motor vehicle after alcohol consumption, between 2007 and 2018

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of indicators related to motor vehicle driving after alcohol consumption, in the general population and among drivers. Methods: Temporal trend study of indicators related to driving motorized vehicles after alcohol consumption, between 2007 and 2018, based on information from Vigitel. The population consisted of adults (≥ 18 years old) living in Brazilian capitals with a landline. Trend analysis was performed by linear regression. Results: Between 2007 and 2018, there was a reduction in the indicator “driving a vehicle after alcohol abuse by the population” from 2.0% to 0.7% (p < 0.001). This consumption when calculated only among drivers decreased from 3.5 in 2011 to 1.6 in 2018 (p < 0.003). Driving a vehicle by drivers after consuming any amount of alcohol had high prevalences, ranging from 15.7% (2011) to 11.4% (2018). Prevalence in all indicators was higher among men, younger adults (18 to 34 years) and with higher education. Conclusion: The practice of alcohol abuse and driving reduced in Brazil, however, driving after drinking any amount of alcohol still remains high. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain regulatory measures to control alcohol and driving in order to reduce traffic accidents.

摘要：
研究目的：分析普通人群及驾驶员群体中酒后驾驶机动车相关指标的时间趋势。
研究方法：本研究为时间趋势研究，基于Vigitel系统的相关信息，针对2007年至2018年间的酒后驾驶机动车相关指标展开分析。研究对象为居住在巴西各州首府且拥有固定电话的成年人群（年龄≥18岁），采用线性回归方法进行趋势分析。
研究结果：2007至2018年间，人群层面的“酗酒驾驶机动车”指标从2.0%降至0.7%（p<0.001）。仅针对驾驶员群体计算的该项指标则从2011年的3.5降至2018年的1.6（p<0.003）。驾驶员饮用任意量酒精后驾驶机动车的流行率居高不下，区间为2011年的15.7%至2018年的11.4%。各项指标的流行率在男性、青年成年人（18~34岁）及受教育程度较高的人群中更高。
研究结论：巴西境内酗酒驾驶机动车的行为有所减少，但驾驶员饮用任意量酒精后驾驶机动车的情况仍处于较高水平。因此，仍需持续落实管控酒后驾驶的监管措施，以降低交通事故发生率。