Diets with Ganoderma lucidum Mushroom Powder and Zinc-Bacitracin on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Lymphoid Organ Weights and Intestinal Characteristics in Broilers

ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the effect of diets with Ganoderma lucidum mushroom powder and zinc-bacitracin on growth performance, carcass traits, lymphoid organ weights, and intestinal characteristics in broilers, a total of 600 one-day-old unsexed broilers from Cobb 500 MV × Cobb 500 FF genotype was analyzed for 28 days, following a completely randomized design with three dietary treatments, five replicates and 40 birds per replicate. The dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet (BD) without additives (T0) and the dietary inclusion of 2.5 g/kg of Ganoderma lucidum (T1) and 350 mg/kg of zinc bacitracin antibiotic (T2). The experimental groups did not change (p>0.05) the performance of the broilers. However, G. lucidum powder increased (p≤0.05) the carcass and breast yields (p≤0.05) and decreased the abdominal fat and liver yields (p≤0.05), although with no notable differences with the antibiotic group for the latter organ (liver) (p>0.05). Both additives (G. lucidum and antibiotic) increased breast meat moisture, protein, and redness; however, these treatments reduced L* (lightness), and the zinc-bacitracin reduced breast yellowness (p≤0.05). Likewise, this medicinal mushroom (G. lucidum) increased the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and the morphometry of the small intestine (p≤0.05), although with no changes for other immune and digestive organs or for the content of cecal lactic acid bacteria (p>0.05). The dietary inclusion with 2.5 g/kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder is recommended to improve breast yield, protein, and colorimetry without affecting performance and cecal traits of fast-growing broilers.

摘要：为评估添加灵芝（Ganoderma lucidum）粉与杆菌肽锌的日粮对科宝500（Cobb 500）MV × FF基因型肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性状、淋巴器官重量及肠道特性的影响，本试验选取600只1日龄未辨性别的肉鸡，试验周期为28天，采用完全随机试验设计，设置3种日粮处理、5个重复组，每个重复组饲养40只肉鸡。三种日粮处理分别为：基础日粮（BD）组（T0，无任何添加剂）、添加2.5g/kg灵芝粉组（T1）以及添加350mg/kg杆菌肽锌抗生素组（T2）。结果显示，各试验组对肉鸡的生长性能无显著影响（p>0.05）。然而，灵芝粉可显著提升肉鸡的屠宰率与胸肌率（p≤0.05），同时降低腹脂率与肝脏重量占比（p≤0.05）；但在肝脏重量占比方面，灵芝组与杆菌肽锌抗生素组无显著差异（p>0.05）。两种添加剂（灵芝与杆菌肽锌抗生素）均可提升胸肌的水分含量、粗蛋白含量与红度值（a*），但会降低亮度值（L*，即明度）；其中杆菌肽锌还可显著降低胸肌的黄度值（b*）（p≤0.05）。同样，该药用真菌（灵芝）可显著提升肉鸡的法氏囊（bursa of Fabricius）相对重量与小肠形态学参数（p≤0.05），但对其他免疫与消化器官重量以及盲肠乳酸菌含量无显著影响（p>0.05）。综上，推荐在快大型肉鸡日粮中添加2.5g/kg灵芝粉，以提升胸肌率、粗蛋白含量与肉色指标，且不会影响肉鸡生长性能与盲肠相关特性。