Study on the Correlation Between Airborne Pollen Concentration and Allergic Rhinitis in Dalian City and Its Impact

OBJECTIVE To systematically investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of airborne pollen in Dalian (2024) and analyze its correlation with meteorological factors, air pollutants, and allergic rhinitis (AR) consultations, providing evidence for regional allergy prevention.METHODS Daily pollen samples were collected from July 9 to October 15, 2024, using gravimetric sedimentation. Pollen types were identified and quantified via optical microscopy after staining. Concurrent meteorological data (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed) and air pollutant levels (PM2.5, PM10, SO₂, NO₂) were obtained. AR case data were extracted from the Hospital Information System (HIS) of Dalian University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital. Multivariate linear regression was employed to assess correlations.CONCLUSION AR incidence in Dalian is closely linked to seasonal pollen patterns, modulated by meteorological and pollutant interactions. Establishing a pollen monitoring system could optimize allergy prevention strategies.

研究目的：系统探究2024年大连市气传花粉的时空分布特征，分析其与气象因素、大气污染物及过敏性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis, AR）门诊量的相关性，为区域过敏性疾病防控提供科学依据。研究方法：于2024年7月9日至10月15日期间，采用重力沉降法每日采集花粉样本；经染色后通过光学显微镜完成花粉种类鉴定与定量分析。同步收集气温、相对湿度、风速等气象数据及PM2.5、PM10、二氧化硫（SO₂）、二氧化氮（NO₂）等大气污染物浓度数据；从大连大学附属中山医院的医院信息系统（HIS）中提取过敏性鼻炎门诊病例数据，采用多元线性回归法评估各变量间的相关性。研究结论：大连市过敏性鼻炎发病与季节性花粉传播模式密切相关，其发病风险受气象因素与大气污染物的交互作用调控；建立花粉监测系统可优化区域过敏性疾病防控策略。