Table4_Directed Technical Change and Pollution Emission: Evidence From Fossil and Renewable Energy Technologies in China.docx

In this paper, we provide a study of the effect of directed technical change in the energy sector on pollution emission. We make an empirical analysis under the framework of the extended stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology model and the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis and employ the patent data onto fossil energy and renewable energy technologies from 2000 to 2015 to match the economic and environmental data of 30 provinces in China. We show that the prerequisite of restraining pollution emission is to transform the direction of energy technical change rather than only increase the magnitude of energy technical change. Furthermore, the direction of energy technical change will set up dissimilar purification effects on different pollutants, which indicates that the path of emission reduction of renewable energy technology is different. Moreover, promoting energy technology cooperation in adjacent provinces can further intensify the effect of directed energy technical change in restraining pollution emission according to the regional features of each area, and formulating targeted environmental policies to change the energy technology from dirty to clean can effectively curb environmental degradation, which is the mechanism to realize the rationalization and transformation of the energy structure.

本文针对能源部门定向技术变革对污染排放的影响展开研究。本研究基于拓展的人口-富裕度-技术随机回归影响（STIRPAT, Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology）模型框架与环境库兹涅茨曲线（Environmental Kuznets Curve, EKC）假说开展实证分析，采用2000-2015年化石能源与可再生能源技术领域的专利数据，匹配中国30个省份的经济与环境数据。研究表明，抑制污染排放的核心前提在于变革能源技术的发展方向，而非单纯提升能源技术变革的规模。进一步而言，能源技术变革方向对不同污染物具备异质性净化效应，这意味着可再生能源技术的减排路径存在差异。此外，结合各地区的区域特征，推动相邻省份间的能源技术合作可进一步强化定向能源技术变革的污染减排效应；而制定针对性环境政策，推动能源技术从高污染向清洁化转型，则可有效遏制环境恶化，这正是实现能源结构合理化与转型的核心机制。